Connection between lung deposited surface area (LDSA) and black carbon (BC) concentrations in road traffic and harbour environments

Lepistö, Teemu; Kuuluvainen, Heino; Lintusaari, Henna; Kuittinen, Niina; Salo, Laura; Helin, Aku; Niemi, Jarkko V.; Manninen, Hanna E.; Timonen, Hilkka; Jalava, Pasi; Saarikoski, Sanna; Rönkkö, Topi

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118931

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The probability distribution is shown for the LDSA to BC ratio in Figure 9 for both solid (Figure 9a, Period 1) and semi-volatile (Figure 9b, Period 2) dominant events. The ratio distribution remains fairly constant and bimodal during Period 1, for both LDSA ratios, showing similar results to the laboratory-grade instruments for near-road ratios [18]. However, Period 2 had drastically different distributions for the LDSA C and LDSA N to BC ratios.…”

Section: Ldsa and Bc Ratiossupporting

confidence: 66%

“…This correlation is evident in Figure 4a. All LDSA measurements peak around 40 µm 2 /cm 3 , typical of ranges measured along street canyons and urban centres with relatively good air quality [18,29]. There is a CO 2 concentration difference of 75 ppm from background, and the maximum BrC and BC concentrations (~3000 ng/m 3 ) reached in Period 1 were six times higher than average background concentrations (500 ng/m 3 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Their findings showed that BC and LDSA had varying correlation coefficients depending on the environment they were sampling and that pollutants can agglomerate onto BC while remaining at sizes that are able to penetrate deep into the lungs. From this, it was concluded that the link between BC and LDSA is important for understanding the health implications of particles, as well as determining their source [18]. An additional study, using different high-cost laboratory instrumentation, supports this relationship analysing urban BC and LDSA in relation to each other [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…As previous research has shown, the relationship between BC and LDSA is important for understanding particle health impacts and for source apportionment [18]. Recently, this has been performed with laboratory-grade instruments, but here, for the first time, handheld instruments used together to calculate this ratio.…”

Section: Ldsa and Bc Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differentiating Semi-Volatile and Solid Particle Events Using Low-Cost Lung-Deposited Surface Area and Black Carbon Sensors

et al. 2022

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Low-cost particle sensors have proven useful in applications such as source apportionment, health, and reactivity studies. The benefits of these instruments increase when used in parallel, as exemplified with a 3-month long deployment in an urban background site. Using two lung-deposited surface area (LDSA) instruments, a low-cost method was developed to assess the solid component of an aerosol by applying a catalytic stripper to the inlet stream of one LDSA instrument, resulting in only the solid fraction of the sample being measured (LDSAc). To determine the semi-volatile fraction of the sample, the LDSAC was compared to the LDSA without a catalytic stripper, thus measuring all particles (LDSAN). The ratio of LDSA (LDSAC/LDSAN) was used to assess the fraction of solid and semi-volatile particles within a sample. Here, a low ratio represents a high fraction of semi-volatile particles, with a high ratio indicating a high fraction of solid particles. During the 3-month urban background study in Birmingham, UK, it is shown that the LDSA ratios ranged from 0.2–0.95 indicating a wide variation in sources and subsequent semi-volatile fraction of particles. A black carbon (BC) instrument was used to provide a low-cost measure of LDSA to BC ratio. Comparatively, the LDSA to BC ratios obtained using low-cost sensors showed similar results to high-cost analyses for urban environments. During a high LDSAC/LDSAN ratio sampling period, representing high solid particle concentrations, an LDSA to BC probability distribution was shown to be multimodal, reflecting urban LDSA to BC ratio distributions measured with laboratory-grade instrumentation. Here, a low-cost approach for data analyses presents insight on particle characteristics and insight into PM composition and size, useful in source apportionment, health, and atmospheric studies.

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Section: Ldsa and Bc Ratiossupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Ldsa and Bc Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Differentiating Semi-Volatile and Solid Particle Events Using Low-Cost Lung-Deposited Surface Area and Black Carbon Sensors

et al. 2022

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“…NO, NO 2 and ozone measurements were collected using the Box Of Clustered Sensors (BOCS; in the same time resolution, as well as black carbon (BC) concentrations using the MA200 sensor by Magee Scientific. Finally, the data for the lung-deposited surface area (LDSA) of particles in the range of 10 nm to 10 µm, which is found to strongly correlate with BC emissions (Lepistö et al, 2022), were collected using a set of two Naneos Partec-tors by Naneos Particle Solutions GmbH. One sensor measured the surface of all particles in this size range, while the second is placed after a catalytic stripper (Catalytic Instruments CS015) which removes the semi-volatile particles (Haugen et al, 2022).…”

Section: Location Of the Site And Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on the performance of low-cost sensors for source apportionment at an urban background site

et al. 2022

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Abstract. Knowledge of air pollution sources is important in policymaking and air pollution mitigation. Until recently, source apportion analyses were limited and only possible with the use of expensive regulatory-grade instruments. In the present study we applied a two-step positive matrix factorisation (PMF) receptor analysis at a background site in Birmingham, UK using data acquired by low-cost sensors (LCSs). The application of PMF allowed for the identification of the sources that affect the local air quality, clearly separating different sources of particulate matter (PM) pollution. Furthermore, the method allowed for the contribution of different air pollution sources to the overall air quality at the site to be estimated, thereby providing pollution source apportionment. The use of data from regulatory-grade (RG) instruments further confirmed the reliability of the results, as well as further clarifying the particulate matter composition and origin. Compared with the results from a previous analysis, in which a k-means clustering algorithm was used, a good consistency between the k means and PMF results was found in pinpointing and separating the sources of pollution that affect the site. The potential and limitations of each method when used with low-cost sensor data are highlighted. The analysis presented in this study paves the way for more extensive use of LCSs for atmospheric applications, receptor modelling and source apportionment. Here, we present the infrastructure for understanding the factors that affect air quality at a significantly lower cost than previously possible. This should provide new opportunities for regulatory and indicative monitoring for both scientific and industrial applications.

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Anthropogenic fine aerosol and black carbon distribution over urban environment

Sankar

Ambade

Mahato

et al. 2023

J.Umm Al-Qura Univ. Appll. Sci.

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Real-time black carbon (BC) and fine particulate matter (PM) were collected from January to December 2017 with a portable Aethalometer and air sampler in the urban environment of Jamshedpur, India. In the present study, the diurnal and seasonal variations of BC and meteorological variables were analysed. The diurnal variation of BC ranged from 2.1 to 15.5 gm-3, with the lowest concentration during the monsoon season and the highest during the winter season, because in monsoon most of the BC and PM are settled down. The annual mean BC mass concentration was observed at 6.22 ± 3.95 µgm−3. While, fine PM2.5 varied from 41.6 to 260.3 µgm-3, with an annual mean of 97.49 ± 63.52 µgm−3. During monsoon, the BC mass concentration shows a value of ˂ 3 µgm−3. Additionally, the percentage contribution of BC in PM2.5 was determined to be around 5.06% (winter), 6.32% (summer), 5.20% (monsoon), and 7.21% (post-monsoon). The change in BC concerning different meteorological parameters was systematically studied, in which an exciting inverse relationship was noticed between BC concentration and temperature. The correlation between BC and wind speed was also established as a negative connection during study periods. It also observed a negative correlation with precipitation. Finally, the air back trajectory was analysed using the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT), which revealed that the essential campaign of aerosol-bounded air parcels was mostly coming from the western part of India, with some marine air masses also joining from the Bay of Bengal during summer and post-monsoon. Overall study shows that highest BC and PM2.5 was observed in the winter season because of mixed layer height (MLH).

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Connection between lung deposited surface area (LDSA) and black carbon (BC) concentrations in road traffic and harbour environments

Cited by 25 publications

References 59 publications

Differentiating Semi-Volatile and Solid Particle Events Using Low-Cost Lung-Deposited Surface Area and Black Carbon Sensors

Differentiating Semi-Volatile and Solid Particle Events Using Low-Cost Lung-Deposited Surface Area and Black Carbon Sensors

A study on the performance of low-cost sensors for source apportionment at an urban background site

Anthropogenic fine aerosol and black carbon distribution over urban environment

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