Contextual Determinants in Alcohol, Tobacco and Cannabis Consumption, Mood and Bullying during Adolescence

Abstract

The present study aimed to explore the differences in the consumption of alcohol, tobacco and cannabis, mood and bullying between adolescents. A cross-sectional study was carried out in five regions of Northern Spain (one in Galiza and four in central Catalonia) that share similar socioeconomic characteristics and encompass around 10,000 inhabitants each. Students living in Burela, Galiza (N = 71) were compared to those of Central Catalonia (N = 193). The independent variable was the municipality of residence. The dependent variables encompassed: weekly available pocket money, Family Affluence Scale, self-classified academic qualification, place of origin, alcohol consumption, tobacco and cannabis smoking, negative mood and bullying. The mean age and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of participants were similar between the regions (Burela: 15.90 years (15.68–16.13) and Central Catalonia: 15.36 years (15.28–15.44)). More than half of the participants were females (Burela, Galiza (53.5%) and Catalonia (54.9%)). Prevalence ratios (PR) and their 95% CI were estimated using Poisson regression models. In comparison with adolescents from Burela (Galiza), those living in Central Catalonia had higher prevalence of diverse academic levels (adjusted PR = 3.92 (1.78–8.66)), tobacco consumption (adjusted PR = 2.41 (1.47–3.97)) and negative mood (adjusted PR = 5.97 (3.05–11.70)). Even when dealing with regions with similar socioeconomic characteristics and number of inhabitants, differences exist in terms of the socioeconomic level, tobacco consumption, mood and bullying, as reported by adolescents.

Which factors are associated with cannabis use among adolescents in Andalusia? An application of the I‐Change model

“…Furthermore, this study replicated earlier Spanish and international findings where a greater availability of money by the adolescent is positively related to greater consumption (Burdzovic Andreas et al, 2016; Rial et al, 2018). A recent study has simultaneously evaluated family affluence and pocket money in Spain, which showed results similar to those reported in this study (Díaz‐Geada et al, 2021). Nevertheless, continuing studying this finding would be interesting to assess whether it is replicated with other samples, in longitudinal studies, or through a deep analysis of the relationship of cannabis use with other explicative variables.…”

Internal Structure and Invariance of a Brief Version of the Marijuana Motives Measure (MMM-P15) in a Peruvian Population of Marijuana users

“…Marijuana is recognized as one of the most controversial and socially accepted illegal drugs, becoming the most consumed drug during the last decade (Díaz-Geada et al, 2021; United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime [UNODC], 2021a). In Europe, prevalence is five times higher than other illicit drugs (Díaz-Geada et al, 2021;UNODC, 2021a). In Africa, annual prevalence was 6.4% and in Asia there are 61.5 million users (UNODC, 2021b).…”

Alcohol, Tobacco and Cannabis Consumption on Physical Activity and Physical and Social Self-Concept in Secondary School Students: An Explanatory Model Regarding Gender

“…During adolescence, the social influences of the peer group or friends, together with other variables such as family and school, can have an impact on the consumption of harmful substances [ 4 ]. During adolescence, the onset of alcohol consumption is more rapid, mainly due to peer group or social group membership [ 5 ].…”

“…Although the research topic of psychosocial aspects and substance use has been studied and addressed in the scientific literature [ 4 , 6 , 9 ], the present research develops an explanatory model according to the gender of the participants. Through this model, it is possible to study the existing relationships between the variables that make up each model, providing greater precision in the study of the effect of some variables on others.…”