Contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in a nontraumatic rabbit osteonecrosis model

Sakai, Takashi; Sugano, Nobuhiko; Tsuji, Takashi; Miyazawa, Tomoaki; Nakamura, N.; Haraguchi, Koichi; Ochi, Takahiro; Ohzono, Kenji

doi:10.1002/jor.1100170525

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…showed no enhancement. These MRI findings are similar to those of previous studies [ 18,191 and we judged them to be normal.…”

Section: Non-enhanced and Contrast-enhanced Mrlsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Given the relationship between MaxSR and relative tissue blood volume, this increase in MaxSR values may be the result of an increase in relative tissue blood volume in bone marrow due to a non-specific reaction after the second serum injection. This hypothesis is supported by the finding, in a previous study, that intrasinusoidal pooling of erythrocytes occurred in some femora after the second serum injection [18]. The sensitivity of T2*W dynamic MRI for detecting early microcirculatory injury or necrotic lesions was higher than that of non-enhanced and contrastenhanced MRI at 72 h and 1 week after the second serum injection for all three groups.…”

Section: -H) Mid-coronal Serial T2'w Dynamic Mr Images (A-e)supporting

confidence: 80%

“…Whole horse serum obtained from GIBCO Laboratories (Grand Island, NY) was heat-inactivated at 56 "C for 30 min and stored in aliquots at -20 "C. Using a modified version of the method of Rich and Gregory [16], 10 ml/kg of sterile heat-inactivated horse serum at room temperature was intravenously administered to each rabbit twice with a 3-week interval, using the same techniques as in the previous studies [13,18,19].…”

Section: Non-rraumutic On Model Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…M R images of the rabbit femur were obtained using a 1.0 T MRI system (Magnetom Harmony, Siemens AG, Medizinische Technik, Erlangen, Germany) in the same manner as in the previous studies [18,19], except for the use of T2'W dynamic MRI. Briefly, before M R imaging, each rabbit was anesthetized by inhalation of halothane and was placed in an imaging coil in supine position with the hips and knees flexed at right angles.…”

Section: Mri Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In previous studies, the natural course of experimental ON lesions, including early-stage lesions, could be monitored on contrast-enhanced MR images as changes of Gd enhancement patterns in a rabbit nontraumatic ON model [18,19]. However, the femoral hemodynamic information obtained using this model was unclear, especially during development of ON.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of femoral perfusion in a non‐traumatic rabbit osteonecrosis model with T2*‐weighted dynamic MRI

Tsuji¹,

Sugano²,

Sakai³

et al. 2003

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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We evaluated femoral perfusion in a non-traumatic rabbit serum sickness osteonecrosis (ON) model, using serial repetitive T2*-weighted (T2'W) dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and investigated prediction of ON occurrence in early stages, comparing T2*W dynamic MRI with non-enhanced (T2-, T1-and fat suppression T1-weighted) and contrast-enhanced MRI. Early microcirculatory injury or necrotic lesion was detected in 0% of femora (extravasation, 0/6) at 72 h, 33%) (necrotic, 4/12) at 1 week and 100% (necrotic, 14/14) at 3 weeks using non-enhanced MRI, and in 67% of femora (extravasation, 4/6) at 72 h, 58% (necrotic, 7/12) at I week and 100% (necrotic, 14/14) at 3 weeks using contrast-enhanced MRI. In contrast, microcirculatory injury or necrotic lesion was detected in 83% of femora (extravasation, 5 / 6 ) at 72 h, 92% (necrotic, 11/12) at 1 week and 100% (necrotic, 14/14) at 3 weeks using T2'W dynamic MRI as no transient decrease or less marked transient decrease in signal intensity of regions of interest (ROIs), compared to normal femora, which showed a clear transient decrease in signal intensity of ROls. These results indicate that T2*W dynamic MRI with optimal imaging parameters and a dose of contrast agent is the most sensitive of these three MRI methods and may be clinically useful for evaluating femoral perfusion in artery phase and predicting ON occurrence.

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“…showed no enhancement. These MRI findings are similar to those of previous studies [ 18,191 and we judged them to be normal.…”

Section: Non-enhanced and Contrast-enhanced Mrlsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: -H) Mid-coronal Serial T2'w Dynamic Mr Images (A-e)supporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Non-rraumutic On Model Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mri Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of femoral perfusion in a non‐traumatic rabbit osteonecrosis model with T2*‐weighted dynamic MRI

Tsuji¹,

Sugano²,

Sakai³

et al. 2003

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Epidemiologische Risikofaktoren für die nichttraumatische Osteonekrose

Jones¹

2000

Orthopäde

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Certain fractures and/or dislocations of the femoral head are known to cause arterial injury and result in post-traumatic osteonecrosis. However, the more complex etiology of non-traumatic osteonecrosis is multifactorial and includes chemotherapy, radiotherapy, thermal injuries, and especially coagulopathies, which are now commonly observed in these patients. Intravascular coagulation with fibrin thrombosis begins in the capillaries and sinusoids of the intraosseous microcirculation, and residual venous thrombosis is more likely to occur if there is coexistent hypofibrinolysis. Coagulopathies are intermediary events, which are always activated by some underlying etiologic risk factor(s). Conditions capable of triggering intravascular coagulation include familial thrombophilia (resistance to activated protein C, decreased protein C, protein S, or antithrombin III, and hyperhomocystinemia), hyperlipemia and embolic lipid (alcoholism and hypercortisonism), hypersensitivity reactions (allograft organ rejection, immune complexes, and antiphospholipid antibodies), bacterial endotoxic (Shwartzman) reactions and various viral infections, proteolytic enzymes (pancreatitis), tissue factor release (inflammatory bowel disease, malignancies, neurotrauma, and pregnancy), and other thrombophilic and hypofibrinolytic disorders. Currently known risk factors for non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head are described briefly in this review article.

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Osteonecrosis in a Chemically Induced Rat Model of Human Hemolytic Disorders Associated with Thrombosis ? A New Model for Avascular Necrosis of Bone

Shabat

Nyska

Long

et al. 2004

Calcified Tissue International

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Bone injury occurs in human hemolytic disorders associated with thrombosis, such as beta-thalassemia and sickle cell disease. Exposure of rats to 2-butoxyethanol (BE) has been associated with hemolytic anemia, disseminated thrombosis, and infarction in multiple organs including bone. This rat model apparently mimics acute hemolysis and thrombosis in humans. To elucidate the extent of bone injury, male and female Fischer F344 rats were given 4 daily doses of 250 mg BE/5 ml water/kg of body weight. Tail vertebrae were studied by histopathology and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Thrombosis and infarction were seen in both sexes, but females were more severely affected. Lesions were characterized by extensive medullary fat necrosis, granulomatous inflammation, fibroplasia, growth plate degeneration, and new woven bone formation adjacent to necrotic bone trabeculae. MRI mean and standard deviation tissue-density data for both sexes indicated a significant (P < or = 0.05) decrease following 4-days treatment and a significant increase (P < or = 0.05) following an additional 24 days without treatment. Thus, MRI was useful in revealing BE-induced bone injury, which was predominantly necrotic initially and subsequently regenerative with proliferation of connective tissue and bone following postischemia recovery.

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Contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in a nontraumatic rabbit osteonecrosis model

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

Evaluation of femoral perfusion in a non‐traumatic rabbit osteonecrosis model with T2*‐weighted dynamic MRI

Evaluation of femoral perfusion in a non‐traumatic rabbit osteonecrosis model with T2*‐weighted dynamic MRI

Epidemiologische Risikofaktoren für die nichttraumatische Osteonekrose

Osteonecrosis in a Chemically Induced Rat Model of Human Hemolytic Disorders Associated with Thrombosis ? A New Model for Avascular Necrosis of Bone

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