Contribution of α-Gustducin to Taste-guided Licking Responses of Mice

Glendinning, John I.; Bloom, Lauren D.; Onishi, Maika; Zheng, Kun Hao; Damak, Sami; Margolskee, Robert F.; Spector, Alan C.

doi:10.1093/chemse/bji025

Cited by 91 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The role of the taste-specific Gα protein α-gustducin (29), which is expected to activate a phosphodiesterase, is less clear (28). In taste buds, α-gustducin is inconsistently coexpressed with T1R1-3, particularly in the posterior tongue (30), and its genetic ablation diminishes, but does not abrogate, bitter and umami gustation (31,32). Similarly, the vast majority (≥90%) of cholinergic urethral brush cells respond to bitter (denatonium) and umami (L-glutamate), but only approximately one-third coexpress α-gustducin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bitter triggers acetylcholine release from polymodal urethral chemosensory cells and bladder reflexes

Deckmann

Filipski

Krasteva‐Christ

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

148

214

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Significance We report the presence of a previously unidentified cholinergic, polymodal chemosensory cell in the mammalian urethra, the potential portal of entry for bacteria and harmful substances into the urogenital system. These cells exhibit structural markers of respiratory chemosensory cells (“brush cells”). They use the classical taste transduction cascade to detect potential hazardous compounds (bitter, umami, uropathogenic bacteria) and release acetylcholine in response. They lie next to sensory nerve fibers that carry acetylcholine receptors, and placing a bitter compound in the urethra enhances activity of the bladder detrusor muscle. Thus, monitoring of urethral content is linked to bladder control via a previously unrecognized cell type.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bitter triggers acetylcholine release from polymodal urethral chemosensory cells and bladder reflexes

Deckmann

Filipski

Krasteva‐Christ

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

148

214

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“…Data from BATA experiments are generally displayed by concentration-response curves representing the means of the number of licks or "lick ratios" as a function of the concentrations of the compound tested and the standard error (SE) or standard deviation (SD) obtained with a number n of rats (3,5,7,8,11,12,(15)(16)(17)(18). This way of presenting the results can…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some articles it is even more inappropriate when the "lick ratios" were calculated by dividing the mean number of licks from each concentration by the mean number of licks from water (7,11,12,19,20 Although some published models exist to analyse the BATA data, these models can only handle data presented in the form of "lick ratios" and most of their parameters are not interpretable. As shown in the results, the proposed E max model can analyse both "lick numbers" and "lick ratios" and the model parameters from these two kinds of data were similar.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among these approaches, the rodent BATA model has a great potential and has already shown very promising results comparable to human panel data (3,4). The BATA model has been widely used and documented in the literature for different purposes (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). In this animal model, rodents such as mice or rats, are mildly water-deprived and then put into a "lickometer" which records the number of "licks" that the rodents make to different concentrations of the compound under test samples presented in several sipper tubes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of a model for robust and exploratory analysis of the rodent brief-access taste aversion data

Soto

Sheng

Standing

et al. 2015

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics

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This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. DEVELOPMENT OF A MODEL FOR ROBUST AND EXPLORATORY ANALYSIS OF THE RODENT BRIEF-ACCESS TASTE ABSTRACTThe rodent brief-access taste aversion (BATA) model is an efficient in vivo screening tool for taste assessment. A new E max (maximum effect attributable to the drug) model was developed and further investigated in comparison to three previously published models for analysing the rodent BATA data; the robustness of all the models was discussed.The rodent BATA data were obtained from a series of experiments conducted with a bitter reference compound, quinine hydrochloride dihydrate (QHD). A new E max model that could be applied to both "lick numbers" and "lick ratios" was built and three published models that used lick ratios were employed for analysing the BATA data. IC 50 , the concentration that inhibits 50% of the maximum lick numbers, quantified the oral aversiveness of QHD. One thousand bootstrap datasets were generated from the original data. All models were applied to estimate the confidence intervals of the IC 50s without symmetric assumption.The IC 50 value obtained from the new E max model was 0.0496 mM (95% CI 0.0297-0.0857) using the lick numbers for analysis, while an IC 50 of 0.0502 mM (95% CI 0.0267-0.0859) was acquired with the lick ratios. Except from one published model, the IC 50 values have a similar range for the 95% CI.The new E max model enabled the analysis of both "lick numbers" and "lick ratios" whereas other models could only handle data presented as "lick ratios". IC 50s obtained with these two types of datasets showed similarity among all models thereby justified the robustness of the new E max model. KEY WORDSBrief-access taste aversion, lickometer, bitterness, E max model, NONMEM

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“…We used a 1·mmol·l -1 concentration of inositol because preliminary studies indicated that it elicited an excitatory response similar to that of 200·mmol·l -1 sucrose. We used 100·mmol·l -1 Polycose because this concentration is highly palatable to several species of rodent (Sclafani, 1987;Glendinning et al, 2005). For the taste cell recordings, we presented the carbohydrates in an electrolyte solution (i.e.…”

Section: Experiments 1: Which Carbohydrates Generate Excitatory Responmentioning

confidence: 99%

The hungry caterpillar: an analysis of how carbohydrates stimulate feeding inManduca sexta

Glendinning

Jerud

Reinherz

2007

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARY In most insects, the taste of carbohydrates stimulates an immediate appetitive response. The caterpillar of Manduca sexta is an exception to this general pattern. Despite eliciting a strong peripheral gustatory response, high concentrations of carbohydrates (e.g. glucose or inositol)stimulate the same intensity of biting as water during 2-min tests. We suspected that the lack of feeding stimulation reflected the fact that prior studies used single carbohydrates (e.g. sucrose), which M. sextawould rarely encounter in its host plants. We hypothesized that the feeding control system of M. sexta responds selectively to carbohydrate mixtures. To test this hypothesis, we ran three experiments. First, we stimulated the two taste sensilla that respond to carbohydrates (the lateral and medial styloconic) with a battery of carbohydrates. These sensilla responded exclusively to sucrose, glucose and inositol. Second, we determined the response properties of the carbohydrate-sensitive taste cells within both sensilla. We found that one class of carbohydrate-sensitive taste cell responded to sucrose, and two other classes each responded to glucose and inositol. Third, we examined the initial biting responses of caterpillars to disks treated with solutions containing single carbohydrates (sucrose, glucose or inositol) or binary mixtures of these carbohydrates. The only solutions that stimulated sustained biting were those that activated all three classes of taste cell (i.e. sucrose+inositol or sucrose+glucose). We propose that the brain of M. sexta monitors input from the different classes of carbohydrate-sensitive taste cell, and generates protracted feeding responses only when all three classes are activated.

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Contribution of α-Gustducin to Taste-guided Licking Responses of Mice

Cited by 91 publications

References 47 publications

Bitter triggers acetylcholine release from polymodal urethral chemosensory cells and bladder reflexes

Bitter triggers acetylcholine release from polymodal urethral chemosensory cells and bladder reflexes

Development of a model for robust and exploratory analysis of the rodent brief-access taste aversion data

The hungry caterpillar: an analysis of how carbohydrates stimulate feeding inManduca sexta

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