Cool plasma functionalization of nano-crystalline diamond films

Surface Modifications of Nanodiamonds and Current Issues for Their Biomedical Applications

“…The selectivity of these gaseous treatments is often limited: after heating in ammonia flow, aminogroups, C≡N and C=N-containing groups were identified at ND surface [132,133]. In order to create more reactive species, a CF 4 atmospheric pressure plasma was used [95]. Chlorination of NDs was also successfully achieved by photochemical reaction of gaseous chlorine with NDs previously hydrogenated [96].…”

Functionality is Key: Recent Progress in the Surface Modification of Nanodiamond

“…Khabashesku and coworkers have successfully applied this technique to achieve high surface loadings with fluorine atoms, which can be easily substituted in subsequent reactions (see below) 114. Ray et al applied atmospheric pressure plasma with CF 4 for the grafting of fluorine atoms at the surface of different types of ND 22. Besides the fluorination of the diamond surface the introduction of higher halogens was intensively studied.…”

“…In 1998 Ohtani et al reported the chlorination and subsequent formation of quaternary pyridinium salts on a CVD diamond surface 19. Other important achievements include the covalent grafting of alkyl chains with additional terminal groups onto hydrogenated CVD diamond by the photochemical grafting of the respective alkenes,20, 21 the fluorination of diamond films,22 radical reactions on diamond films23 as well as the application of other techniques derived from silicon technology 24, 25. Nebel and coworkers demonstrated the selective binding of DNA strands onto remaining hydrogenated areas of a diamond film after structured surface oxidation 26.…”

Surface Modifications of Nanodiamonds and Current Issues for Their Biomedical Applications

“…The surface reactivity of HPHT H-NDs (50 nm) was investigated applying several surface modifications [93]: a selective oxidation under UV exposure and functionalization with alkenes and diazonium moieties. These reactions are common on hydrogenated diamond films towards efficient biological functionalizations (DNA, proteins grafting) [113][114][115] so their use on NDs may also lead to promising developments.…”