Cortical Abnormalities Associated With Subcortical Lesions in Vascular Dementia

Cortical Atrophy and White Matter Hyperintensities in HIV: The Hawaii Aging with HIV Cohort Study

“…Neuroimaging studies using magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography have demonstrated significant associations between presence of WMHs and measures of brain atrophy in the general population (6,19,20). WMHs have been associated with several markers of brain atrophy including: larger ventricular volumes (6), reduced whole brain volumes (6) and reduced cortical blood volumes (21).…”

N-Acetylaspartate/Creatine and Choline/Creatine Ratios in the Thalami, Insular Cortex and White Matter as Markers of Hypertension and Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly

“…Hence, hypertension might alter the neuronal network linking cortical areas and deep gray nuclei. Myelin damage within the white matter is responsible for physiological dysfunction in the subcortical and cortical gray matter (24,25), as revealed by electrical (EEG) (26) and metabolic (PET (27) and MRS (28-30)) studies. The disruption of the neuronal signal may, in turn, induce an alteration in the metabolism of both the thalami and the insular cortex.…”

Hippocampal and cortical atrophy predict dementia in subcortical ischemic vascular disease

“…Atrophy of the hippocampus and medial temporal lobe, anatomic regions highly susceptible to neurofibrillary degeneration, are characteristically observed in AD. [10][11][12] Previous investigators have correlated dementia in SIVD with the severity of ventricular enlargement, 3,[13][14][15] white matter lesions, 14,[16][17][18] cerebral hypoperfusion, 13,18,19 and number, but not necessarily volume, of lacunes. 3,16,19 One group has noted the presence of hippocampal atrophy in VaD, as well as AD.…”