CsPbBr₃ Perovskite Powder, a Robust and Mass-Producible Single-Source Precursor: Synthesis, Characterization, and Optoelectronic Applications

Abstract

A facile synthesis method is proposed for the mass production of high-quality CsPbBr 3 perovskite powder. It is shown that the proposed synthesis protocol is capable of producing polycrystalline CsPbBr 3 powder in quantities greater than 10 g. The derived thin films by thermal evaporation and spin-coating are of compact morphologies (root-mean-square roughness < 4 nm) without voids and pinholes. Moreover, the thin films show obvious photoluminescence (PL) with a narrow (bandwidth < 19 nm) peak centered at ∼520 nm, which is blue-shifted compared with the PL emission of the powder at 542 nm. The powder and the spin-coated film exhibit superior PL stability under long-term ambient conditions and in thermal cycling experiments performed at temperatures up to ∼120 °C. Accordingly, optoelectronic applications including the fabrication and characteristics of the electroluminescence device, the organic–inorganic powder doped with methylammonium and formamidinium ions, and fluorescent greenish-blue quantum dots are also demonstrated. On the basis of these demonstrations, the synthesized CsPbBr 3 perovskite powder can be expected to empower the advances in perovskite-related optoelectronics in the future.

Controllable deposition of organic metal halide perovskite films with wafer-scale uniformity by single source flash evaporation

“…The pre-synthesized MAPbI 3 single crystal powder was used as the source instead of PbI 2 and MAI precursors (see the inset of Fig. 1 b) in order to obtain better quality films owing to an exact stoichiometric ratio between the different ionic components of MAPbI 3 within the single crystal 30 , 45 . The exact amount of single crystal powder was loaded on the tungsten boat which is located inside of vacuum chamber.…”

Millimeter‐Size All‐inorganic Perovskite Crystalline Thin Film Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition

“…One end is connected to Ar as carrier gas and the other end is connected to a vacuum pump. The CsPbBr 3 powder is first synthesized by solution method [ 15 ] and is placed in the heating zone‐I and pre‐cleaned glass substrates are placed in the zone‐II. For source materials, we have tried both pre‐synthesized CsPbBr 3 micro‐crystal powder and mixtures of precursor powders (CsBr/PbBr 2 ) with different molar ratios (1:1 and 2:1), and found the pre‐synthesized CsPbBr 3 powder produced thin film with higher purity than that from the mixed precursors.…”

Ambient-Processed, Additive-Assisted CsPbBr3 Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes with Colloidal NiOx Nanoparticles for Efficient Hole Transporting

“…Prior to the deposition of CsPbBr 3 -related EML, the CsPbBr 3 powder was firstly synthesized as previously mentioned [8]. Briefly, 1.9 mmol PbBr 2 and CsBr were added in 3 mL DMSO and the solution was vigorously stirred for 30 min at room temperature.…”

“…The devices with different compositions for EML were named and listed in Table 1. It should be noted that the processes were all carried out in ambient air, based on our previous report that the spin-coated CsPbBr 3 films were highly air-stable [8]. Finally, to complete the fabrication, TPBi acting as the electron transport layer (ETL), and Ca/Al as the electrode were deposited in the vacuum chamber at 5 × 10 6 torr.…”

“…Recently, lead halide perovskites have gained extensive research attention for their excellent characteristics and flexibility on electronic and optoelectronic applications [1][2][3]. Via facile synthesis routes, organic, inorganic, and hybrid lead halide perovskites in forms of sol-gel solution, nanocrystals, bulk single crystals, polycrystalline powder, and thin solid films were demonstrated for highly efficient photovoltaic solar cells and photoluminescent/electroluminescent light-emitting diodes (LEDs) [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Despite the ease of ion exchanges for adjusting the optical and electrical properties, all inorganic halide perovskites have been firmly demonstrated to be superior to their organic-inorganic hybrid counterparts in environmental and thermal stabilities [9].…”