Cu(II)Cu(I)/AC Catalysts for Gas–Solid Acetylene Dimerization

Abstract

Cu(II)Cu(I)/activated carbon (AC) catalysts with different copper chloride and cuprous chloride impregnation orders were prepared. The effect of the Cu(II) additive on the catalytic performance of Cu(I)/AC catalysts for gas−solid acetylene dimerization was evaluated. The optimal catalytic performance was obtained using the Cu(II)0.3Cu(I)1/AC catalyst with an average acetylene conversion of 70.0%. This value was an increase of 33.0% compared to the average acetylene conversion of 37.0% (Cu(I)1/AC) under the same reaction conditions. The results from the characterization of the Cu(II)Cu(I)/AC catalysts demonstrated that the addition of Cu(II) increased the dispersion of copper and inhibited copper loss on the catalysts. Consequently, our findings indicate that a suitable Cu + /Cu 2+ molar ratio improves the catalytic performance and stability.

Structure–Property–Energetics Relationship of Organosulfide Capture Using Cu(I)/Cu(II)-BTC Edited by Valence Engineering

“…17 The Cu(I)/Cu(II) ratio was also confirmed to be a crucial factor in determination of the activity and stability of copper-activated carbon catalysts in gas−solid acetylene dimerization reaction. 18 It is also found that the electrochemical performance of Cu-doped α-Fe 2 O 3 samples was a function of Cu(I)/Cu(II) ratio, which significantly modifies the local crystal structure. 19 Moreover, Cu valence engineering has been applied to create hierarchical porosity in MOF structures to boost the performance of aromatic sulfide capture.…”

“…Porous materials, such as molecular sieves, metal oxides, carbon-derived materials, and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), play important roles in clean energy production from fossil fuels, pollutant removal, and emission control. − Tuning the metal oxidation states significantly modifies the structure, performance, and energetic stability of MOFs. − One example is that editing the ratio of Cu­(I)/Cu­(II) by valence engineering of copper is an effective strategy to enhance the properties of copper-based functional catalytic and separation materials. − Specifically, precise editing in the Cu­(I)/Cu­(II) ratio of inorganic coordination polymer quantum sheet enables high-efficiency treatment of coking wastewater . The Cu­(I)/Cu­(II) ratio was also confirmed to be a crucial factor in determination of the activity and stability of copper-activated carbon catalysts in gas–solid acetylene dimerization reaction . It is also found that the electrochemical performance of Cu-doped α-Fe 2 O 3 samples was a function of Cu­(I)/Cu­(II) ratio, which significantly modifies the local crystal structure .…”

Deactivation Mechanism and Regeneration of the CuCl/Activated Carbon Catalyst for Gas–Solid Acetylene Dimerization

“…Li et al used a CuCl/activated carbon (AC) catalyst in the gas–solid reaction system . Subsequently, the CuCl 2 was added to the CuCl/AC catalyst for the reaction, and the acetylene conversion could reach 70.0% . In recent years, researchers have made great progress in the gas–solid reaction system of acetylene dimerization, but the stability of the CuCl/AC catalyst is still not meeting the needs of real applications.…”

Tuning the Product Distribution of Acetylene Dimerization through Bimetallic Metal–Organic Framework-Supported Nanoporous Systems

“…25 Advancements beyond the gas/liquid-based Nieuwland catalyst system, which suffers from low conversion and facile polymer fouling, have been made recently with the development of solid catalysts mainly involving supported Cu species akin to the Nieuwland system. 26 Additionally, Cu NPs confined within MOFs have been previously demonstrated to selectively hydrogenate acetylene to ethylene 27 and have also shown promise for the production of C 4 products including 1,3-butadiene. 28 Enhancement of the C 4 reactivity, in particular 1,3-butadiene, will require catalyst modifications most commonly done by promoter ions in heterogeneous catalyst systems.…”

“…Often seen as a detrimental side reaction in acetylene semi-hydrogenation systems seeking to purify ethylene streams, , acetylene dimerization (Scheme ) can generate products such as butenes or even 1,3-butadiene, a major feedstock in the adhesives and rubber industries . Advancements beyond the gas/liquid-based Nieuwland catalyst system, which suffers from low conversion and facile polymer fouling, have been made recently with the development of solid catalysts mainly involving supported Cu species akin to the Nieuwland system . Additionally, Cu NPs confined within MOFs have been previously demonstrated to selectively hydrogenate acetylene to ethylene and have also shown promise for the production of C 4 products including 1,3-butadiene .…”