Cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq .: Fr.) Kummer on pear pomace: Evaluation of productivity and chemical composition of the biodegraded substrate

Abstract

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la factibilidad de emplear orujo de pera como sustrato para el cultivo comercial de dos cepas de Pleurotus ostreatus (Pl-P y Pl-J) y analizar la variación de la composición química del orujo biodegradado. La cepa Pl-J presentó 98,3% de Eficiencia Biológica, 35% de Rendimiento y 45 días de Período Productivo, mientras que para Pl-P los valores fueron 62,3%, 21,8% y 35 días, respectivamente. La actividad metabólica de ambas cepas sobre el sustrato provocó una disminución relativa del contenido de materia seca y materia orgánica del 20 al 30% y de un 60% para los carbohidratos solubles. Al finalizar el Período Productivo, las fibras (FDN, FDA y LDA) disminuyeron 10 a 20% mientras que el contenido de proteína bruta no se modificó significativamente. The aim of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of using pear pomace as a substrate for the commercial cultivation of two strains of Pleurotus ostreatus (Pl-P and Pl-J) and to analyze the variation of the chemical composition of the biodegraded pomace. The Pl-J strain presented 98,3% of Biological Efficiency, 35% of Yield and 45 days of Productive Period, while for Pl-P the values were 62,3%, 21,8% and 35 days respectively. The metabolic activity of both strains on the substrate led to a relative decrease in dry matter and organic matter content of 20 to 30%, and 60% for soluble carbohydrates. At the end of the Productive Period, the fibers (FDN, FDA and LDA) decreased 10 to 20% while the crude protein content was not significantly modified.

Bioconversion of Pear Pomace by Strains of Pleurotus Ostreatus During Mycelial Development

“…The decrease obtained during mycelial development is important to consider since according to Hoa et al (2015), a higher C/N ratio favours mycelium growth and a lower C/N ratio favours fruiting body growth. Previously, in fruiting body production trials with the same substrate, the authors found that the Pl-P strain caused a significant decrease in the C/N ratio (26% loss), while Pl-J practically did not modify this variable (Rodríguez et al, 2018). This variation in the C/N ratio indicates that the substrate, even after biodegradation during the mycelial development of the analysed strains (SMS), could be used in productive cycles to obtain edible carpophores.…”

“…Due to the environmental problems related to the accumulation of solid waste with a high organic content, such as the generates in the food industries related to extraction of pear juice the authors of this work investigated alternatives to reuse these wastes and involve the agricultural and environmental sectors (Martínez et al, 2015;Maldonado et al, 2018;Rodríguez et al, 2018;Maldonado et al, 2021).…”

“…In previous studies (Rodríguez et al, 2018), the authors evaluated the biological potential of different strains of P. ostreatus to develop on the same substrate, observing that pear pomace produced edible carpophores. They also evaluated the chemical composition during the substrate colonisation and fruiting phases.…”

“…The raw material used as a substrate for the cultivation and production of these edible mushrooms includes cereal straw, leaves, plant crop residues destined for industrial use, and products result of agro-industries activities, such as oilseeds, distillation of different resources, sugar cane process, and factory of wood cut (Koutrotsios et al, 2014;Martínez et al, 2015;Barshteyn & Krupodorova, 2016;Rodríguez et al, 2018).…”