Cyclodextrins in the antiviral therapy

Abstract

The main antiviral drug-cyclodextrin interactions, changes in physicochemical and physiological properties of the most commonly used virucides are summarized. The potential complexation of antiviral molecules against the SARS-Cov2 also pointed out the lack of detailed information in designing effective and general medicines against viral infections. The principal problem of the current molecules is the 3D structures of the currently active compounds. Improving the solubility or bioavailability of antiviral molecules is possible, however, there is no universal solution, and the complexation experiments dominantly use the already approved cyclodextrin derivatives. This review discusses the basic properties of the different cyclodextrin derivatives, their potential in antiviral formulations, and the prevention and treatment of viral infections. The biologically active new cyclodextrin derivatives are also discussed.

When Cyclodextrins Met Data Science: Unveiling Their Pharmaceutical Applications through Network Science and Text-Mining

“…The CD is functionalized with sulfonic acid groups to mimic the negatively charged surface of cell receptors, commonly used by the viruses for attachment (i.e., heparan sulfate proteoglycans), thus preventing virus entry into cells [ 81 ]. Certainly, CDs’ versatility in the development of antiviral therapies makes them an appealing tool that is gaining attention in the fight against viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2 [ 70 , 82 , 83 ].…”

Identification of a βCD-Based Hyper-Branched Negatively Charged Polymer as HSV-2 and RSV Inhibitor

“…Considering these characteristics, some applications of CD-based polymers include, e.g., (i) increasing the solubility of poorly soluble drugs, (ii) modulating drug release and activity, (iii) the protection of drugs from degradation, (iv) enhancing bioactivities, (v) the adsorption of undesired substances, and (vi) gene delivery [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. In the field of virology, CDs have been recently proposed as potential antiviral agents, both as drug delivery systems and molecules with intrinsic antiviral action [ 15 ].…”

Application of Molecular Dynamics Simulations in the Analysis of Cyclodextrin Complexes

“…Interestingly, CDs play a role in fighting the COVID-19 pandemic. For example, CDs can be found in formulations of remdesivir [10] (an antiviral drug administered to treat COVID-19) and Johnson & Johnson's Jannsen (J&J/Janssen) single-shot COVID-19 vaccine [11]. CDs are also utilized in the production of face masks, which are widely used to help slow the spread of the coronavirus [12].…”