Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) palm stones as a potential new feedstock for liquid bio-fuels production

Fadhil, Abdelrahman B.; Alhayali, Mohammed A.; Saeed, Liqaa I.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2017.08.059

Cited by 69 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Hydropulper reject dapat dikonversi menjadi bentuk energi melalui konversi termal seperti pembakaran, gasifikasi, dan pirolisis. Proses pirolisis adalah pilihan yang efektif dan ramah lingkungan untuk pengolahan limbah hydropulper reject untuk mendapatkan bahan bakar cair yang disebut sebagai minyak pirolitik atau bio-oil berkualitas yang dapat memiliki sifat serupa dengan bahan bakar minyak bumi yang biasa digunakan (Casoni et al, 2015;Fadhil, 2017;Fadhil, Alhayali and Saeed, 2017). Keunggulan teknologi pirolisis dibandingkan dengan insinerator yang digunakan untuk pengolahan limbah hydropulper reject, antara lain emisi lebih bersih, tidak diperlukan peralatan pengendalian polusi, area lebih kecil, operasi lebih, desain fleksibel karena bentuk modular, konsumsi energi rendah, abu atau inert material sebagai residu dapat didaur ulang khususnya untuk metal, sesuai untuk fasilitas pengolahan skala kecil dan sekitar tempat pembuangan limbah padat, memberikan solusi atas penolakan teknologi insinerasi, yang ditengarai menghasilkan dioksin dan furans.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Produksi Bahan Bakar Minyak dari Pirolisis Pelet Hydropulper Reject Industri Kertas

et al. 2020

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Konsumsi kertas bekas di industri kertas Indonesia mencapai 6.598.464 ton/tahun dan menghasilkan hydropulper reject sebesar 5-10% dari kertas bekas yang digunakan. Penelitian pirolisis hydropulper reject dari industri kertas untuk produksi bio-oil telah dilakukan. Tipikal limbah hydropulper reject terdiri dari 20% serat dan 80% plastik (High Density Polyethylene, HDPE >90%). Bahan padat tersebut berpotensi dikonversi menjadi bahan bakar minyak melalui proses pirolisis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pirolisis pelet hydropulper reject untuk produksi bio-oil sebagai bahan bakar minyak. Setelah dipisahkan dari logam, hydropulper reject dikeringkan, dicacah, dan dibentuk menjadi pelet berdiameter 10 mm dan panjang 20-30 mm. Nilai kalor pelet hydropulper reject mencapai 29,30 MJ/kg (dried based, db) dengan kadar zat terbang 84,84% (db). Pelet hydropulper reject dipirolisis dengan reaktor kombinasi pembakaran-pirolisis. Produk yang dihasilkan berupa bio-oil mampu bakar sebanyak ±40% bahan baku dengan nilai kalor 77,79 MJ/kg. Perkiraan listrik yang dapat dihasilkan dari pemanfaatan syngas sebesar 1,08 kWh/kg hydropulper reject.Kata kunci: hydropulper reject, pirolisis, bio-oil, syngas, listrikProduction of Oil Fuel From Pyrolysis of Hydropulper Reject Pellet from Paper IndustryAbstract Waste paper consumption in Indonesian paper industries reached 6,598,464 tons/year and produced hydropulper reject about 5-10% of waste paper. Pyrolysis of hydropulper reject from the paper industry for bio-oil production has been investigated. Hydropulper reject consists of 20% fiber and 80% plastic (High Density Polyethylene, HDPE>90%). This solid material has potential to be converted into oil fuel through pyrolysis. This study aims to investigate the pyrolysis of hydropulper reject pellets for bio-oil as fuel oil production. After being separated from the metals, hydropulper reject was dried, shredded, and shaped into pellets with 10 mm diameter and 20-30 mm length. The pellets had calorific value of 29.30 MJ/kg (dried based, db) with volatile matter 84.84% (db). The pellets were pyrolized with a combustion-pyrolysis combination reactor. The product was combustible bio-oil as much as ±40% of feedstock and had calorific value of 77.79 MJ/kg. Estimated electricity generated from syngas utilization about 1.08 kWh/kg. Keywords: hydropulper reject, pyrolysis, bio-oil, syngas, electricity

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Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Produksi Bahan Bakar Minyak dari Pirolisis Pelet Hydropulper Reject Industri Kertas

et al. 2020

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“…Intensified transesterification of mixture of edible and nonedible oils like Thumba oil, karanja oil, linseed oil, and palm oil produces biodiesel of yield almost equal to 99% (Gupta, Madhu, & Dalai, 2019). A maximum bio‐oil yield of around 55% was observed while working with date ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) palm stones as a possible feedstock (Fadhil, Alhayali, & Saeed, 2017). Transesterification of radish oil and apricot kernel oil mixture with both ethanol and methanol produces biodiesel of yield around 97% (using methanol) and 96% (using ethanol), respectively (Fadhil, Nayyef, & Sedeeq, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical analysis of experimental factor optimization in acid esterification of rubber seed oil

Bharadwaj

Niju

Mohamad

et al. 2020

Environmental Quality Mgmt

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Statistical analysis for esterification of high viscous rubber seed oil (RSO) (feed stock) with a high free fatty acids (FFA) content was presented in this work. Initially a high acid value of 67.6 mg KOH/g oil was observed from raw RSO analysis, which is not in a favorable range. After complete esterification reaction, a reasonable acid value of 3.55 mg KOH/g oil was detected at reaction conditions of 15:1 methanol: oil molar ratio (mol/mol), 3 vol% of catalyst concentration, and 2 hr of reaction time. Statistical analysis of factors affecting the final value is performed using response surface methodology. From the statistical analysis, a significant second-order quadratic model with a p value <0.0001 was observed. It is also noticed that molar ratio and reaction time are the most significant factors affecting the final product (esterified oil). The coefficient of determination, R 2 of value, 0.9672 indicates that there exists a minimum error between predicted and experimental acid values observed.

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“…However, this route was not economically acceptable since vegetable oils are more expensive than diesel fuels (Azeem et al, 2016). Therefore, this limitation has encouraged the use of date stones which constitute a cheap feedstock for biodiesel production (Amani, Davoudi, Tahvildari, Nabavi, & Davoudi, 2013;Fadhil, Alhayali, & Saeed, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study and optimization of the extraction of Algerian date stones oil (Phoenix dactylifera L.) using supercritical carbon dioxide

Louaer

Ahmed

Larkeche

et al. 2019

J Food Process Engineering

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An experimental extraction of Algerian date stones oil was carried out using supercritical carbon dioxide. Response surface methodology was used to investigate the effect of pressure (150–250 bar), temperature (313–333 K) and particles diameter (0.3–0.9 mm) on the extraction yield. The comparison of the predicted results with the experimental values confirmed the reliability of this technique. The optimum yield value was determined around 14.26% and was obtained at a pressure of 250 bar, a temperature of 333 K and particles diameter of 0.3 mm. the conventional solvent extraction using Soxhlet apparatus shows that the oil content of the date stones sample was about 16.22%. The fatty acids composition was determined using GC‐FID analysis, showing that the oleic acid was the major compound present in this oil. Practical applications Locally date stones are an abundant waste product of date processing industries which are rich in many valuables substances such as carbohydrates, oil, dietary fibers, vitamins, proteins, bioactive polyphenols and natural antioxidants, making them an attractive source for the extraction of bioactive compounds because of their low cost and high nutrient content. They can be used in many applications like the production of caffeine‐free coffee, food products formulation, cosmetics, and functional and medicinal supplements. They are a by‐product that can be easily collected and recycled in an economic and sustainable way. Also date stones oil is a great source of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid acids which have several good human health benefits. The use of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of date stones oil can be regarded as a great opportunity to develop the production of high quality date stones oil and exploit all the mentioned important properties.

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Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) palm stones as a potential new feedstock for liquid bio-fuels production

Cited by 69 publications

References 56 publications

Produksi Bahan Bakar Minyak dari Pirolisis Pelet Hydropulper Reject Industri Kertas

Produksi Bahan Bakar Minyak dari Pirolisis Pelet Hydropulper Reject Industri Kertas

Statistical analysis of experimental factor optimization in acid esterification of rubber seed oil

Experimental study and optimization of the extraction of Algerian date stones oil (Phoenix dactylifera L.) using supercritical carbon dioxide

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