Deformation and orientation effects in the driving potential of the dinuclear model

Within the concept of the dinuclear system (DNS), a dynamical model is proposed for describing the formation of superheavy nuclei in complete fusion reactions by incorporating the coupling of the relative motion to the nucleon transfer process. The capture of two heavy colliding nuclei, the formation of the compound nucleus and the de-excitation process are calculated by using an empirical coupled channel model, solving a master equation numerically and applying statistical theory, respectively. Evaporation residue excitation functions in cold fusion reactions are investigated systematically and compared with available experimental data. Maximal production cross sections of superheavy nuclei in cold fusion reactions with stable neutron-rich projectiles are obtained. Isotopic trends in the production of the superheavy elements Z=110, 112, 114, 116, 118 and 120 are analyzed systematically. Optimal combinations and the corresponding excitation energies are proposed.Comment: 18 pages, 8 figure

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“…which is dependent on the nuclear densities and on the orientations of deformed nuclei in the collision [25]. The parameters C 0 = 300 MeV fm 3 …”

Section: Dinuclear System Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of superheavy nuclei in cold fusion reactions

et al. 2007

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“…In almost all the cases it is assumed that the two interacting nuclei have coplanar symmetry axes [10,11,14,16,21] and even θ P = θ T . In the present work we used the Hamiltonian energy density approach derived from the well-known Skyrme interaction to study the orientation dependence of the HI potential between two deformed nuclei.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many authors tried to calculate the interacting potential between spherical-deformed and deformed-deformed nuclear distributions [10,11,[14][15][16] in an approximate way. Several recent studies are made to describe the potential between two deformed nuclei.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Orientation dependence of the heavy-ion potential between two deformed nuclei

et al. 2005

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The deformation and orientation dependence of the real part of the interaction potential is studied for two heavy deformed nuclei using the Hamiltonian energy density approach derived from the well-known Skyrme NN interaction with two parameter sets SIII and SkM * . We studied the real part of the heavy ion (HI) potential for 238 U+ 238 U pair considering quadrupole and hexadecapole deformations in both nuclei and taking into consideration all the possible orientations, coplanar and noncoplanar, of the two interacting nuclei. We found strong orientation dependence for the physically significant region of the HI potential. The orientation dependence increases with adding the hexadecapole deformation. The azimuthal angle dependence is found to be strong for some orientations. This shows that taking the two system axes in one plane produces a large error in calculating the physical quantities.

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“…This may influence the reaction features, such as the lifetime of the composite system, the mass distribution of fragments, especially the production probability of superheavy nuclei. In recent years, the orientation effect on the potential energy surface was studied by Langevin-type equation approach [6,7] and dinuclear model [15][16][17]. It was pointed out that the orientation effect might play a rather important role in sub-barrier reactions of deformed nuclei.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production probability of superheavy fragments at various initial deformations and orientations in the238U+238U reaction

Zhao

et al. 2013

Phys. Rev. C

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The dynamical effects of initial orientation and deformation (with and without β 4 deformation) of projectile and target on the 238 U + 238 U reaction have been investigated by using the improved quantum molecular dynamics model. The deformation of colliding nuclei at touching configuration is distributed with a wide width, especially for the nose-nose orientation case. The influence of different orientations and deformations on the average lifetime of the transient composite system and the production probability of superheavy fragments (SHF) with Z > 110 at incident energies 7-12 A MeV is studied. The average lifetime of the composite system as a function of incident energy peaks at about 9-10 A MeV for the side-side orientation and 11-12 A MeV for the nose-nose orientation, respectively. The inclusion of β 4 deformation in prolate uranium seems to enhance the production probability of SHF in the side-side case as the more stable structure of initial uranium effectively reduces the excitation energy of the composite system. It is suggested that the optimal initial condition for production of SHF in 238 U + 238 U could be the side-side orientation and prolate deformation with a small β 4 deformation (the ground state of uranium). Considering that the symmetry axis of the initial nuclei is oriented in an arbitrary direction with an equal probability, the lifetime of composite system and the SHF production probability are also studied with randomly selected orientation direction of initial nuclei.

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Deformation and orientation effects in the driving potential of the dinuclear model

Cited by 33 publications

References 23 publications

Formation of superheavy nuclei in cold fusion reactions

Formation of superheavy nuclei in cold fusion reactions

Orientation dependence of the heavy-ion potential between two deformed nuclei

Production probability of superheavy fragments at various initial deformations and orientations in the238U+238U reaction

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