Determinants of Acute Respiratory Infection Among Children Under-Five Years in Indonesia

Windi, Restu; Efendi, Ferry; Qona'ah, Arina; Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah; Ramadhan, Kadar; Almutairi, Wedad M.

doi:10.1016/j.pedn.2021.03.010

Cited by 26 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“… 9 Another study also analyzed the determinants of ARI among children under 5 in Indonesia. 10 However, neither study assessed the progress related to ARI prevalence among toddlers nor compared the influence of ARI determinant factors in 2007, 2012, and 2017 in Indonesia. That is why this study aimed to analyze the difference in both prevalence and determinant factors of ARI among children under 5 in 2007, 2012, and 2017 in Indonesia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilevel Analysis of Lifestyle and Household Environment for Toddlers With Symptoms of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) in Indonesia in 2007, 2012, and 2017

Lutpiatina

Sulistyorini

Notobroto

et al. 2022

Global Pediatric Health

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Introduction. The morbidity and mortality rate of Acute Respiratory Tract Infection (ARI) in children under 5 is relatively high in Indonesia. Socio-demographic characteristic is considered one of the factors causing ARI in Indonesia. However, no study analyzed the prevalence of ARI among toddlers and the differences among the determinant factors in multiple periods. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the prevalence trends and determinant factors associated with ARI symptoms in children under 5 in Indonesia in 2007, 2012, and 2017. Methods. This study analyzed cross-sectional survey data from the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) in Indonesia during 2007, 2012, and 2017. Bivariate and multivariate analysis with logistic regression was performed using Stata version 15. The final results were expressed in Adjusted Odds Ratio (AORs) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI). Results. The findings showed a progress in prevalence trends with a decrease in the percentage of children with ARI symptoms from 11.25% (2007), then 5.12% (2012) to 4.22% (2017). Risk factors for toddlers experiencing ARI symptoms were as follows: younger maternal age (OR: 1.13, 95% Cl 0.70-1.81 in 2007, OR: 1.72, 95% Cl 1.03-2.88 in 2012 and OR: 0.98, 95% Cl 0.48-1.97 in 2017), smoking habits of family members (OR: 1.12, 95% Cl 0.85-1.48 in 2012, OR: 1.23, 95% Cl in 2017), poor drinking water quality (OR: 1.12, 95% Cl 0.85-1.48 in 2012 and OR: 1.23, 95% Cl in 2017), unavailable toilet facilities (OR: 1.27, 95% Cl 1.04-1.56 in 2007, OR: 1.24, 95% Cl 0.95-1.63 in 2012 and OR: 1.28, 95% Cl 0.97-1.68 in 2017). Conclusion. There was a decrease in the prevalence of ARI symptoms among children in 2007, 2012, and 2017, with no prominent differences in other related factors. The lifestyle and household environmental factors such as the use of dirty fuel, the presence of smokers in the household, the poor quality of drinking water, unavailable toilet facilities in addition to the maternal age and child age were the determinant factors that must be prioritized and improved. Family self-awareness should also be enhanced for better prospects for toddler survival.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilevel Analysis of Lifestyle and Household Environment for Toddlers With Symptoms of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) in Indonesia in 2007, 2012, and 2017

Lutpiatina

Sulistyorini

Notobroto

et al. 2022

Global Pediatric Health

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 1 In Indonesia, pneumonia contributed to 15% of childhood deaths and was the second leading cause of death among children under 5 years in 2017. 2 Indonesian practice guidelines are adapted from the WHO guidelines, which are based on 1970s–1990’s data showing bacteria such as Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and Streptococcus pneumoniae caused the majority of fatal pneumonias in children. 3–5 Therefore, empiric antibiotics are considered first-line treatment for children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pneumonia is the leading infectious cause of child mortality, with a greater burden in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) 1. In Indonesia, pneumonia contributed to 15% of childhood deaths and was the second leading cause of death among children under 5 years in 2017 2. Indonesian practice guidelines are adapted from the WHO guidelines, which are based on 1970s–1990’s data showing bacteria such as Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and Streptococcus pneumoniae caused the majority of fatal pneumonias in children 3–5.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology of community-acquired pneumonia among hospitalised children in Indonesia: a multicentre, prospective study

et al. 2022

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ObjectiveTo identify aetiologies of childhood community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) based on a comprehensive diagnostic approach.Design‘Partnerships for Enhanced Engagement in Research-Pneumonia in Paediatrics (PEER-PePPeS)’ study was an observational prospective cohort study conducted from July 2017 to September 2019.SettingGovernment referral teaching hospitals and satellite sites in three cities in Indonesia: Semarang, Yogyakarta and Tangerang.ParticipantsHospitalised children aged 2–59 months who met the criteria for pneumonia were eligible. Children were excluded if they had been hospitalised for >24 hours; had malignancy or history of malignancy; a history of long-term (>2 months) steroid therapy, or conditions that might interfere with compliance with study procedures.Main outcome(s) measure(s)Causative bacterial, viral or mixed pathogen(s) for pneumonia were determined using microbiological, molecular and serological tests from routinely collected specimens (blood, sputum and nasopharyngeal swabs). We applied a previously published algorithm (PEER-PePPeS rules) to determine the causative pathogen(s).Results188 subjects were enrolled. Based on our algorithm, 48 (25.5%) had a bacterial infection, 31 (16.5%) had a viral infection, 76 (40.4%) had mixed bacterial and viral infections, and 33 (17.6%) were unable to be classified. The five most common causative pathogens identified were Haemophilus influenzae non-type B (N=73, 38.8%), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (N=51, 27.1%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (N=43, 22.9%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (N=29, 15.4%) and Influenza virus (N=25, 13.3%). RSV and influenza virus diagnoses were highly associated with Indonesia’s rainy season (November–March). The PCR assays on induced sputum (IS) specimens captured most of the pathogens identified in this study.ConclusionsOur study found that H. influenzae non-type B and RSV were the most frequently identified pathogens causing hospitalised CAP among Indonesian children aged 2–59 months old. Our study also highlights the importance of PCR for diagnosis and by extension, appropriate use of antimicrobials.Trail registration numberNCT03366454

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“…Faktor risiko pneumonia dapat diklasifikasikan ke dalam faktor individu, perilaku, dan lingkungan. Faktor-faktor individu pada balita dapat meliputi umur anak, berat badan saat lahir yang rendah, status gizi, status imunisasi dan pemberian vitamin A (Dewi et al, 2020;Fadl et al, 2020;Nirmolia et al, 2018;Windi, Qona'ah, et al, 2021). Faktor pada perilaku dapat berhubungan dengan cara penanggulangan serta pencegahan penyakit pneumonia itu sendiri (Anaba et al, 2020).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Status Gizi dan Pemberian Kapsul Vitamin A sebagai Faktor Risiko Pneumonia Balita Usia 18-59 Bulan

Novarianti

Syukri

Izhar

et al. 2021

JBC

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Introduction: Pneumonia accounts for 16 % of the causes of death in children under five including in Indonesia. This study aims to determine nutritional status, provide vitamin A capsules, and complete immunization as risk factors for pneumonia in toddlers aged 18-59 months. Methods: This study used a case-control design with 47 cases and 47 control children. The case was a toddler with pneumonia aged 18-59 months who was registered at Puskesmas Paal V Jambi City. Controls were toddlers who did not experience pneumonia with age (range ≤3 months), gender, and came from the same sub-district as the case toddler. Sampling was done by purposive technique by selecting the latest patient medical record data. Data collection was carried out by interview method in October-November 2020. Data analysis was carried out univariate and bivariate using the Chi-Square test. Results: The results showed nutritional status (p=0.023 OR=3.93 95% CI 1.29-11.96), Vitamin A capsules administration (p=0.026 OR=3.12 95% CI 1.23-7.91) is a risk factor for pneumonia in children under-five. Complete immunization is nor a risk factor for pneumonia in children under five. Conclusion: The conclusion of the study was nutritional status and vitamin A administration as risk factors for pneumonia in children aged 18-59 months.

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Determinants of Acute Respiratory Infection Among Children Under-Five Years in Indonesia

Cited by 26 publications

References 23 publications

Multilevel Analysis of Lifestyle and Household Environment for Toddlers With Symptoms of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) in Indonesia in 2007, 2012, and 2017

Multilevel Analysis of Lifestyle and Household Environment for Toddlers With Symptoms of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) in Indonesia in 2007, 2012, and 2017

Epidemiology of community-acquired pneumonia among hospitalised children in Indonesia: a multicentre, prospective study

Status Gizi dan Pemberian Kapsul Vitamin A sebagai Faktor Risiko Pneumonia Balita Usia 18-59 Bulan

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