Determination of exposure to aflatoxins among Danish workers in animal-feed production through the analysis of aflatoxin B1 adducts to serum albumin.

Autrup, Judith L.; Schmidt, Jan; Seremet, Tina; Autrup, Herman

doi:10.5271/sjweh.1683

Cited by 64 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…In recent years, primary prevention strategies against these two major etiological risk factors, such as the vaccination of HBV in infants and food safety procedures to control aflatoxin contamination, have offered the best hope for lowering HCC rates in the China (Kensler et al, 2004); however, the incidence of HCC remains high (Kew, 2012). According to the literature (Autrup et al, 1991(Autrup et al, , 1993Viegas et al, 2012;McLaughlin et al, 1987) and our clinical observations, the incidence of HCC was high in certain populations (such as rice mill workers and poultry farm workers) who are directly exposed to aspergilluscontaminated dust. Thus, we considered that there might be other AFB1 exposure pathways contributing to the high incidence of HCC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Airborne AFB1 was detected from a dust sample by Burg et al in 1980(Burg et al, 1981, and up until now, few studies have assessed airborne exposure to AFB1 (Ghosh et al, 1997;Autrup et al, 1991Autrup et al, , 1993Viegas et al, 2012;Desai and Ghosh, 2003). These studies mainly focus on agricultural workers who are exposed to the airborne dust, but only a portion of them have detectable levels of serum AFB1 albumin adducts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How does airway exposure of aflatoxin B1 affect serum albumin adduct concentrations? Evidence based on epidemiological study and animal experimentation

Lai

Yang

et al. 2014

J. Toxicol. Sci.

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-Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) airway inhalation represents an additional route of exposure to this toxin. However, the association between AFB1 inhalation and serum AFB1 albumin adducts remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the association between airway exposure to AFB1 and serum AFB1 albumin adduct concentrations via an epidemiological study, as well as in an AFB1 airway exposure animal model. Our epidemiological study was conducted in a sugar factory in the Guangxi Autonomous Region of China. In order to examine fungal contamination, air samples were obtained in the workshop and areas outside the workshop, such as the office and nearby store. Dust samples were also collected from the bagasse warehouse and presser workshop, and were analyzed using an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Additionally, blood samples were collected from a total of 121 workshop workers, and a control group (n = 80) was comprised of workers who undertook administrative tasks or other work outside the workshop. The animal experiment was conducted in the laboratory animal center of Guangxi Medical University, where a total of 60 adult male rabbits were involved in this study. By intubation, AFB1 was administered in three groups of rabbits daily, at dose rates of 0.075, 0.05 and 0.025 mg/kg/day for a period of 7 days. Blood samples were collected on day 1, day 3, day 7 and day 21, and the measurements of the AFB1 albumin adducts in the serum were performed by a double antibody sandwich ELISA. The epidemiological study showed that serum albumin adducts were detected in 67 workshop workers (55.37%), and the values ranged 6.4 pg/mg albumin to 212 pg/mg albumin (mean value: 51 ± 4.62 pg/mg albumin). In contrast, serum albumin adducts were detected in only 7 control group participants, with the values ranging from 9 pg AFB1/mg albumin to 59 pg/mg albumin (mean value: 20 ± 13.72 pg/mg albumin). The animal experiment revealed that the rabbits had detectable levels of AFB1 in their serum with a minimum effective dose of 0.05 mg/kg/day; while 11 of 17 (64.71%) rabbits had detectable levels of AFB1 albumin adducts in the high exposure group (0.075 mg/kg/day), and only 5 rabbits (26.32%) had detectable levels of AFB1 albumin adducts in the moderate exposure group (0.05 mg/kg/day). No rabbits had detectable levels of AFB1 albumin adducts in the low exposure group (0.025 mg/kg/day). Our results demonstrated that only exposure to a certain level of AFB1 would result in detectable levels of serum AFB1 albumin adducts. Interventional programs aimed at reducing exposure to AFB1 by inhalation are urgently needed in high-risk populations. Additional large-sample, well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed to further confirm our results.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How does airway exposure of aflatoxin B1 affect serum albumin adduct concentrations? Evidence based on epidemiological study and animal experimentation

Lai

Yang

et al. 2014

J. Toxicol. Sci.

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“…A variety of chemicals comprising VCM, organic solvents, chlorinated pesticides and arsenic exert adverse effects on the liver [97] (Tables 2 and 3). [4,38,41,44] , waste operators [38,44] Group 1 [34] HCV -Health care workers [38,39,61] Group 1 [34] Aflatoxin B1 1162-65-8 Paper mill and sugar factory; poultry production; rice mill; waste management; swine industry; agri-food industry; wheat handling; textile manufacturing [77,78,[87][88][89][90][91]93,96] Group 1 [76] IARC: International Agency for Research on Cancer; CAS No. : Chemical abstract service number; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus.…”

Section: Non-infective Risk Factors For Hepatocellular Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This could be caused by the aflatoxin ability to determine the mutation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene, which in normal conditions induces the apoptosis processes [74][75][76][77] . The risk of HCC increases when the exposure occurs in the presence of HBV infection, as occurs in the Chinese population [78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96] .…”

Section: Aflatoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatocellular carcinoma and the risk of occupational exposure

Rapisarda

Loreto

Malaguarnera

et al. 2016

WJH

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer. The main risk factors for HCC are alcoholism, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, obesity, type 2 diabetes, cirrhosis, aflatoxin, hemochromatosis, Wilson's disease and hemophilia. Occupational exposure to chemicals is another risk factor for HCC. Often the relationship between occupational risk and HCC is unclear and the reports are fragmented and inconsistent. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge regarding the association of infective and non-infective occupational risk exposure and HCC in order to encourage further research and draw attention to this global occupational public health problem. Core tip: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common human cancer. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding the occupational risk factors of HCC. In particular, we underline not only the infective but also non-infective occupational risk exposure, including chemical agents and toxic metabolites which are a major cause of liver damage.

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“…Plasma proteins, especially albumin, are then able to form aflatoxin DNA adduct and aflatoxin albumin adduct, respectively. 20,21 The average half-life of albumin in people is approximately 20 days. One of the advantages of using serum albumin rather than for DNA adduct is that the measured level represents the accumulated dose during the half-time of the serum albumin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational exposure toAspergillusand aflatoxins among food-grain workers in India

Malik

Ali

Shahid

et al. 2014

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health

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Background: Aflatoxins are a metabolite of Aspergillus molds and are widespread in the natural environment. Workers who handle food grains are at increased risk of exposure to aflatoxins and subsequently certain respiratory conditions. In India, more than half of the employed population is engaged in some type of agricultural work, yet little known about the respiratory problems as a result of exposure to aflatoxins among workers who handle food grains in India. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the risk of occupational exposure to aflatoxins in foodgrain workers compared to workers who are not occupationally exposed to food grains. Methods: Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and serum samples from 46 food-grain workers and 44 non-foodgrain workers were analyzed for the presence of aflatoxins. Microscopy and culture of BAL samples were performed to detect Aspergillus species. Results: Aflatoxins were detected in 32.6% of the food-grain workers and 9.1% of non food grain workers (P,0.01). A significant difference was also found in BAL culture for Aspergillus (P,0.01) between the two groups. About 47.8% of the food-grain workers and 11.4% of non-food-grain workers had chronic respiratory symptoms. Conclusion: Occupational exposure to aflatoxins in food-grain workers was found to be associated with the increased presence of respiratory symptoms.

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Determination of exposure to aflatoxins among Danish workers in animal-feed production through the analysis of aflatoxin B1 adducts to serum albumin.

Cited by 64 publications

References 15 publications

How does airway exposure of aflatoxin B1 affect serum albumin adduct concentrations? Evidence based on epidemiological study and animal experimentation

How does airway exposure of aflatoxin B1 affect serum albumin adduct concentrations? Evidence based on epidemiological study and animal experimentation

Hepatocellular carcinoma and the risk of occupational exposure

Occupational exposure toAspergillusand aflatoxins among food-grain workers in India

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