Development of a Monte Carlo based aggregate model for residential electric water heater loads

Dolan, P.S.; Nehrir, M.H.; Gerez, V.

doi:10.1016/0378-7796(95)01011-4

Cited by 79 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Let Q H (t) be the total HPWH heat output kilowatts and L the water mass in kilograms. Therefore, the power balance becomes a first derivative differential function given in equation (5) [36].…”

Section: Heat Pump Water Heatermentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal control of a wind–PV-hybrid powered heat pump water heater

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper develops an optimal control (OC) model of a heat pump water heater (HPWH) supplied by a wind generator-photovoltaic-grid system. The objective function is energy cost minimization, taking into account the time-of-use electricity tariff (TOU), which is an important control parameter. The control variables are the supply switch to the HPWH and the power from the grid, while the hot water temperature inside the tank is the state variable. The model meets both the HPWH's technical and operational constraints in providing hot water at a desired temperature and achieves load shifting. This problem is solved using a mixed integer linear program. The results show a 70.7% cost reduction upon implementation of this intervention. A case study is done and the OC shows significant potential in energy and cost saving when compared to the digital thermostat controller used currently in most HPWHs. The economic analysis is presented in this paper as well. Nomenclature P w (t) wind generator power output (kW) P pv (t) photovoltaic power output (kW) P g (t)grid power (kW) P hp heat pump water heater power demand (kW) COP coefficient of performance u(t) heat pump power supply switch control variable (0 or 1) T (t) hot water temperature inside the tank ( • C) T low and T up lower and upper hot water temperature set points (

show abstract

Section: Heat Pump Water Heatermentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal control of a wind–PV-hybrid powered heat pump water heater

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Let Q H,t be the total HPWH heat output kilowatts and L the water mass (tank capacity) in kilograms. Then the power balance becomes a first derivative differential function given in equation (5) [30].…”

Section: Sub-models 221 Heat Pump Water Heatermentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal control of a fuel cell/wind/PV/grid hybrid system with thermal heat pump load

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper presents an optimal energy management strategy for a grid tied photovoltaic-wind-fuel cell hybrid power supply system. The hybrid systems meets the load demand consisting of an electrical load and a heat pump water heater supplying thermal load. The objective is to minimize energy cost and maximize fuel cell output, taking into account the time-of-use electricity tariff. The optimal control problem is solved using a mixed integer linear program with the supply switch to the heat pump water heater and the power from the grid, power to/from inverter, power to electrolyzer and from fuel cell the control variables. The hot water temperature inside the water storage tank and the hydrogen in the storage tank are the state variables. The performance of the proposed control strategy is tested by simulating different operating scenarios: with and without renewable energy feed-in, and the results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy, as it increases the supply reliability of the system. Keywords

show abstract

“…It is also estimated that the potential electricity peak demand saving from the residential sector is about 349 MW against a peak demand of 7800 MW for all loads including space heating, water heating, appliances and lighting. DWHs have long been considered as a suitable load for demand resource; with various aggregate stochastic and regression models having been developed (Ericsson, 2009;Lu, 2005), Monte Carlo based aggregate models have also been proposed (Dolanand, 1996). However, while the aggregate models provide a good estimate of DWH power consumption they do not consider individual DWHs independently.…”

Section: Water Heatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demand Side Management Potential of Domestic Water Heaters and Space Heaters

Qazi

Flynn

2012

IFAC Proceedings Volumes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Demand Side Management (DSM) is a viable strategy for facilitating integration of renewable energy into power systems. The demand resource from water and space heating can be used to reduce or delay system demand peaks, and in combination with other flexible loads, reshape the aggregate demand profile and manage system ramping. In this paper, the aggregate power draw profiles for heat pump based water heating and under floor space heating systems for the Irish domestic sector have been synthesized and the effects of daily and seasonal variations, the type of dwelling and control / usage patterns on demand are discussed. The results show a significant seasonal and daily variation of the demand profile for water and space heating, indicating its viability as a DSM resource on the Irish power system, but also the challenges of operation.

show abstract

Development of a Monte Carlo based aggregate model for residential electric water heater loads

Cited by 79 publications

References 7 publications

Optimal control of a wind–PV-hybrid powered heat pump water heater

Optimal control of a wind–PV-hybrid powered heat pump water heater

Optimal control of a fuel cell/wind/PV/grid hybrid system with thermal heat pump load

Demand Side Management Potential of Domestic Water Heaters and Space Heaters

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About