“…Yet, when compared to prismatic pressure vessels, cylindrical pressure vessels have their advantages and disadvantages, depending on what the vessel is required to do. A semi-cylinder will be discussed here due to space limitations in medical environments [ 42 ].…”
Section: Proposed Vessel Structurementioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is estimated to avoid complicated calculations, the simplest total stress is the lateral pressure load and two-moment conditions for each plate of the prism using the superposition method, as shown in Fig. 10 [ 42 ]. Fig.…”
Section: Proposed Vessel Structurementioning
confidence: 99%
“…That will cause the longer sides to bend in and the short sides to bend out, as shown in Fig. 11 [ 42 ]. Fig.…”
Section: Proposed Vessel Structurementioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, the deformation and bending can be significantly reduced by adding support to the structure such as side supports and girders [ 42 ]. On the other side, prismatic pressure vessels can have up to 50% better volume efficiency.…”
The onset of the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused shortages in mechanical ventilators (MVs) essential for the intensive care unit (ICU) in the hospitals. The increasing crisis prompted the investigation of ventilators which is low cost and offers lower health complications. Many researchers are revisiting the use of negative pressure ventilators (NPVs), due to the cost and complications of positive pressure ventilators (PPVs). This paper summarizes the evolution of the MVs, highlighting the limitations of popular positive and negative pressure ventilators and how NPV can be a cost-effective and lower health complication solution. This paper also provides a detailed investigation of the structure and material for the patient enclosure that can be used for a cost-effective NPV system using ANSYS simulations. The simulation results can confirm the selection and also help in developing a low cost while based on readily available materials. This can help the manufacturer to develop low-cost NPV and reduce the pressure on the healthcare system for any pandemic situation similar to COVID-19.
“…Yet, when compared to prismatic pressure vessels, cylindrical pressure vessels have their advantages and disadvantages, depending on what the vessel is required to do. A semi-cylinder will be discussed here due to space limitations in medical environments [ 42 ].…”
Section: Proposed Vessel Structurementioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is estimated to avoid complicated calculations, the simplest total stress is the lateral pressure load and two-moment conditions for each plate of the prism using the superposition method, as shown in Fig. 10 [ 42 ]. Fig.…”
Section: Proposed Vessel Structurementioning
confidence: 99%
“…That will cause the longer sides to bend in and the short sides to bend out, as shown in Fig. 11 [ 42 ]. Fig.…”
Section: Proposed Vessel Structurementioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, the deformation and bending can be significantly reduced by adding support to the structure such as side supports and girders [ 42 ]. On the other side, prismatic pressure vessels can have up to 50% better volume efficiency.…”
The onset of the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused shortages in mechanical ventilators (MVs) essential for the intensive care unit (ICU) in the hospitals. The increasing crisis prompted the investigation of ventilators which is low cost and offers lower health complications. Many researchers are revisiting the use of negative pressure ventilators (NPVs), due to the cost and complications of positive pressure ventilators (PPVs). This paper summarizes the evolution of the MVs, highlighting the limitations of popular positive and negative pressure ventilators and how NPV can be a cost-effective and lower health complication solution. This paper also provides a detailed investigation of the structure and material for the patient enclosure that can be used for a cost-effective NPV system using ANSYS simulations. The simulation results can confirm the selection and also help in developing a low cost while based on readily available materials. This can help the manufacturer to develop low-cost NPV and reduce the pressure on the healthcare system for any pandemic situation similar to COVID-19.
“…In E1, a cuirass [22] was placed on the chest and abdomen of the volunteers changing the pressure in the cuirass with an external controlled pump, which allowed the reduction of the respiratory system compliance. Four samples were recorded for each subject.…”
Work of breathing (WOB) offers information that may be relevant to determine the patient’s status under spontaneous mechanical ventilation in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Nowadays, the most reliable technique to measure WOB is based on the use of invasive catheters, but the use of qualitative observations such as the level of dyspnea is preferred as a possible indicator of WOB level. In this pilot study, the activity of three respiratory muscles were recorded on healthy subjects through surface electromyography while they were under non-invasive mechanical ventilation, using restrictive and obstructive maneuvers to obtain different WOB levels. The respiratory pattern between restrictive and obstructive maneuvers was classified with the Nearest Neighbor Algorithm with a 91% accuracy and a neural network model helped classify the samples into three WOB levels with a 89% accuracy, Low: [0.3–0.8) J/L, Medium: [0.8–1.3] J/L and Elevated: (1.3–1.8] J/L, demonstrating the relationship between the respiratory muscle activity and WOB. This technique is a promising tool for the healthcare staff in the decision-making process when selecting the best ventilation settings to maintain a low WOB. This study identified a model to estimate the WOB in different ventilatory patterns, being an alternative to invasive conventional techniques.
Los movimientos en masa desencadenados por lluvia han dejado un gran número de pérdidas humanas y económicas en Colombia, especialmente en el departamento de Antioquia. De acuerdo con la base de datos DesInventar, entre los años 1900 y 2017 se han registrado en el territorio Antioqueño 3478 movimientos en masa que han dejado un saldo de 2065 muertos y 74654 viviendas afectadas. El presente trabajo estudia la variabilidad espacial y temporal de la precipitación en las nueve subregiones del departamento de Antioquia y su relación con la ocurrencia histórica de movimientos en masa bajo la influencia del fenómeno ENSO. Para dicho análisis se utilizaron 27 estaciones meteorológicas del IDEAM con información diaria y un total de 5368 movimientos en masa reportados en los catálogos del SIMMA y DesInventar, con una ventana temporal de análisis de 32 años (1985-2016). Se realizaron análisis de series temporales de lluvia y correlaciones con la ocurrencia de movimientos en masa a escala diaria, mensual e interanual. Los resultados presentan un comportamiento bimodal en la ocurrencia de movimientos en masa de acuerdo con la variabilidad temporal de la precipitación y la fuerte influencia de la fase fría del ENSO (La Niña), de igual manera los movimientos en masa también son sensibles a la variabilidad espacial de la lluvia en las subregiones de Antioquia. El entendimiento de la variación espacio temporal de la lluvia en ambientes tropicales montañosos es un elemento fundamental para una adecuada gestión del riesgo y, específicamente, para el diseño e implementación de sistemas de alerta temprana por fenómenos hidrometerológicos.
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