“…Eight qualitative studies considered the relation between age and involvement in organized criminal groups (Arlacchi, 1983; Arsovska, 2015; Cressey, 1969; Gordon, 2000; Hixon, 2010; Kemp et al, 2020; Radaelli et al, 2019; Van Koppen et al, 2010). The recruitment of younger individuals is frequently reported as a way of guaranteeing the intergenerational continuity of organized criminal groups (Arlacchi, 1983; Arsovska, 2015; Cressey, 1969; Hixon, 2010); However, late starters are not exceptional in organized crime recruitment, which can be related to opportunities coming from the social environment of adult individuals such as work and leisure activities, or to specific skills developed by individuals in late their life (Cressey, 1969; Gordon, 2000; Kemp et al, 2020; Kleemans & De Poot, 2008; Radaelli et al, 2019; Van Koppen et al, 2010).…”