Dietary Lipids Modify Brush Border Membrane Composition and Nutrient Transport in Chicken Small Intestine

Abstract

The influence of dietary fatty acids (FA) on intestinal brush border FA composition and nutrient transport functions was studied in broiler chickens. Ross chicks (2 wk old) were fed for 14 d a standard diet (CTL) or diets enriched with saturated fatty acids (SFA; 60 g/kg lard, LAR diet), (n-3) PUFA (60 g/kg linseed oil, LSO diet) and (n-6) PUFA (60 g/kg sunflower oil, SFO diet). The SFA of the brush border membrane were within 40-44% of total FA in spite of wide variability in dietary SFA concentration (13-32%); membrane (n-6) and (n-3) PUFA strongly reflected their dietary intake and thus the (n-6)/(n-3) ratio. However, the membrane polyunsaturated/saturated ratio (P/S) was close to unity, whereas in the diets, it was between 0.9 and 5. The transport kinetic constants (V(max), K(m), K(d)) of D-glucose (substrate of the sodium glucose cotransporter 1), L-lysine (through systems b(0,+) and y(+)(m)) and L-methionine (through systems B and L) were studied in jejunal brush border membrane vesicles. The changes in dietary FA intake did not affect the K(m) of the substrates for their transporters. Both LAR and SFO diets reduced the D-glucose V(max), which was compensated for by an increase in the K(d). The LAR diet reduced lysine transport across y(+)(m), whereas the LSO diet increased the V(max) for both lysine and methionine.

Lipid peroxidation induced by DHA enrichment modifies paracellular permeability in Caco-2 cells

“…The fatty acid composition of the incubation medium was analyzed by gas chromatography according to the method described by Ferrer et al (28), and the results indicate a 4.5-fold enrichment in DHA.…”

Gastrointestinal morphology, fatty acid profile, and production performance of broiler chickens fed camelina meal or fish oil

“…Small intestine, especially the duodenum and jejunum is the site of lipid digestion and absorption in poultry . To maximize the effectiveness of feeding strategy in enhancing the meat content of omega‐3 fatty acids, morphological characteristics of the small intestine in chickens should be considered.…”

“…To maximize the effectiveness of feeding strategy in enhancing the meat content of omega‐3 fatty acids, morphological characteristics of the small intestine in chickens should be considered. The capacity to absorb nutrients from the gut depends on gastrointestinal (GI) tract mucosal surface area, the passive permeability properties of the epithelium and their functional properties . Morphologically, the length of intestinal villi and crypt depth (CD) are indicative of the nutrient digestion and absorptive capacity of the intestine .…”

Poultry fat decreased fatty acid transporter protein mRNA expression and affected fatty acid composition in chickens

“…Kaur et al [19] and Ferrer et al [4] showed that coconut oil increased the level of SFA in the brush border membrane and that corn oil increased the proportion of linoleic acid and arachidonic acid. In the current study, PF significantly decreased the content of PUFA and significantly increased the proportion of SFA and MUFA in the jejunal mucosa.…”

“…A previous study showed that morphological characteristics of the small intestinal mucosa are affected by diet [1]. Dietary lipids could affect intestinal morphology [2-4], influencing the fatty acid (FA) composition of the apical enterocyte membrane [5] and the fluidity of brush border membranes [6]. This in turn could alter the transportation and diffusion of certain nutrients across the intestine [7].…”