Dietary Protein Derived from Dried Bonito Fish Improves Type‐2 Diabetes Mellitus‐Induced Bone Frailty in Goto‐Kakizaki Rats

Abstract

Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) induces bone frailty. Protein and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) contained in fish can be effective in enhancing bone quality, but the bone developing effect of fish protein containing less PUFA has not been evaluated in young animals with T2DM. We prepared a bonito fish (BF) and defatted BF (DBF) and hypothesized that protein contained in BF and DBF would be effective for mitigating the effects of T2DM-induced bone frailty. We mainly evaluated the effect of dietary BF and DBF on bone and apparent calcium absorption in young Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats with T2DM. GK rats were divided into 3 groups based on diets (casein, BF, and DBF) and fed with each diet for 6 wk. Wistar rats were fed with the casein diet as a non-T2DM control. Bone mass, bone strength, apparent calcium absorption, and serum biochemical parameters were determined. The dry weight and strength of the femurs were lower in the GK rats than in the Wistar rats fed with the casein diet. Dietary intake of the BF and DBF diets enhanced the maximum load and dry weight of the femurs and suppressed the serum alkaline phosphatase activity although the apparent calcium absorption was lower in the GK rats fed with the BF and DBF diets than in those fed with the casein diet. These parameters were not different between the rats fed with the BF and DBF diets. Our data suggest that protein contained in the BF and DBF diets improved T2DM-induced bone frailty.

Physiological Multifunctions of Rice Proteins of Endosperm and Bran

“…Interestingly, dietary protein from bonito fish improves T2DM-induced bone frailty in GK rats (61). Additionally, the effects of l-arginine and soy protein were reported in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (62).…”

Antiobesity and Anti‐Inflammatory Effects of Orally Administered Bonito Extracts on Mice Fed a High‐Fat Diet

“…Fermented dried bonito and its hot water extracts (referred to as BoE hereafter) have been one of the most traditional and popular condiments and BoE in folk remedies has served as a nourishing tonic for years in Japan [ 1 ]. The accumulating evidences of BoE's health-promoting effects have been demonstrated in preclinical models such as preventative effects on ovarian hormone deficiency-induced hypercholesterolemia [ 2 ], alleviation of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions [ 3 ], and amelioration of type 2 diabetes mellitus-induced bone frailty [ 4 ] and clinically for significant reduction of hypertensive volunteer's blood pressures [ 5 ]. Because of its fermentation process, BoE consists of condensed amino acids and peptides (60%), ashes (6%), lipids (4%, mostly polyunsaturated docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)) [ 4 ].…”

“…The accumulating evidences of BoE's health-promoting effects have been demonstrated in preclinical models such as preventative effects on ovarian hormone deficiency-induced hypercholesterolemia [ 2 ], alleviation of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions [ 3 ], and amelioration of type 2 diabetes mellitus-induced bone frailty [ 4 ] and clinically for significant reduction of hypertensive volunteer's blood pressures [ 5 ]. Because of its fermentation process, BoE consists of condensed amino acids and peptides (60%), ashes (6%), lipids (4%, mostly polyunsaturated docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)) [ 4 ]. DHA and EPA exert anti-inflammatory, antiobesity, and protective effects on patients with metabolic syndrome or cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases [ 6 , 7 ].…”