Differences among clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in their capability of forming biofilms and their susceptibility to antibiotics

Abstract

Abstract. Wahyudi D, Aman AT, Handayani NSN, Soetarto ES. 2019. Differences among clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in their capability of forming biofilms and their susceptibility to antibiotics. Biodiversitas 20: 1450-1456. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important nosocomial pathogen capable of causing both acute and chronic infections. The individuals of this bacterium have differences in their capability of forming biofilms. Biofilm is a collection of bacterial cells attached to the tissue, coated by polysaccharides and extracellular matrix, enabling bacteria to become resistant to antibiotics, so infection is difficult to treat. The aim of this study was to know the differences among clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in their capability of forming biofilms, and their susceptibility to some antibiotics. The bacteria were isolated from various patient samples at Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta, Indonesia, from August to December 2017. The isolates were purified using single cell colony technique. The bacterial identification and tests of susceptibility to many antibiotic were conducted using automatic equipment (vitex® 2). Test method of biofilm formation was done using the Tissue Culture Plate. The readings of results were monitored spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 570 nm and repeated 8 times. DNA isolation was done using Qiagen DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit, and gene identification (pelD and pslA) was done using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) and visualization through electrophoresis. The results showed that of the 64 isolates of P. aeruginosa from blood, sputum, urine, ear middle, urine catheter, pleural fluid, pus, stool, aspirate, and cerebrospinal, 22% were low in forming biofilm, 50% moderate, and 28% high. Isolates of P. aeruginosa were resistant to ampicillin, cefazolin, tigecycline, nirofurantoin, and cotrimoxazole, but sensitive to piperacillin, ceftazidime, cefepime, aztreonam, meropenem, amikacin, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin. The genes of pelD and pslA were present in all P. aeruginosa isolates (low, moderate, dan high). In conclusion, P. aeruginosa clinical isolates had different capability of forming biofilms and susceptibility to antibiotics. Isolates having high ability to form biofilm were relatively more resistant to many antibiotics. They were most sensitive to amikacin and resistant to ampicillin. There was no difference in the presence of mop pelD and pslA among all isolates.

Pengaruh Ekstrak Alpinia galanga L Terhadap Produksi Biofilm pada Escherichia coli

“…Ada beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan E. coli menjadi resisten terhadap berbagai antibiotik, mutasi spontan yang timbul akbibat mengkonsumsi antibiotic tidak sesuai dengan aturan (Widianingsih & de Jesus, 2018), factor penyebab lain yang perlu dipertimbangkan adalah karena kemampuan E. coli dalam membentuk biofilm (Fajrin., 2020). Beberapa peneliti menemukan ada hubungan yang erat antara kemampuan membentuk biofilm dengan resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik (Wahyudi et al, 2019., Cepas et al, 2019Viana et al, 2020).…”

“…Biofilm menyebabkan penetrasi antibiotik ke dalam sel bakteri terhambat (Abdelhamid et al, 2018), dan di dalam biofilm tersebut terjadi rekombinasi DNA bakteri sehingga tukar menukar gen pengendali resisten terhadap antibiotik bisa terjadi (Surgers et al, 2019;Wahyudi et al, 2019;). Beberapa ekstrak tanaman herbal telah ditemukan mampu menghambat pembentukan biofilm dan mencegah sistem quorum sensing (Wahyudi & Silviani, 2015;Fajrin, 2020, Nadhiroh, 2019Viana et al, 2020); salah satunya adalah Alpinia galangal L telah ditemukan mampu menghambat sistem quorum sensing pada beberapa bakteri patogen (Wahyudi et al, 2011;Rini et al, 2018;Prasetya et al, 2019), dan beberapa ekstrak herbal mampu menghambat pembentukan eksoprotease Salmonella typi, meskipun tidak mampu menghambat pertumbuhan sel, namun mampu menghambat produksi biofilm, dan sistem quorum sensing (produksi eksoprotease) (Wahyudi & Silviani, 2015).…”

Atuna racemosa Raf. Plants: A Novel Source of Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Agents

“…The extracellular polymers in the bio ilm will be eliminated by EGCG by inhibiting the formation of amyloid ibers (Hengge, 2019). Bacteria with a high ability to form bio ilms tend to be more resistant (Wahyudi et al, 2019). This inhibitiory effect does not only apply for P. aeruginosa, but also against other bio ilm-forming bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (Song et al, 2017).…”

UJI KEPEKAAN SEL BIOFILM Pseudomonas aeruginosa TERHADAP CIPROFLOXACIN DAN AMIKACIN SECARA IN VITRO

“…Tingkat keparahan infeksi, lokasi jaringan yang terinfeksi, lama infeksi, faktor fisik dan kimiawi bisa mempengaruhi kemampuan pembentukan biofilm P. aeruginosa. (Wahyudi, et. al¸ 2019).…”

“…Suspensi P. aeruginosa diambil 20 ul menggunakan micropipet dan dimasukkan ke dalam microtiter plate yang sebelumnya sudah diisi 18 ul TSB (Tritycase Soy Broth). Kemudian microtiter plate diinkubasi selama 24 jam pada suhu 37 0 C. Isolat P. aeruginosa P. aeruginosa yang dipergunakan pada penelitian ini adalah siolat yang memiliki kemampuan biofilm kuat (Wahyudi et al, 2019dan Hassan et al, 2011.…”