Differential expression analysis of defense-related genes responsive to Tilletia indica infection in wheat

Abstract

Karnal bunt caused by Tilletia indica is a quarantine disease responsible for qualitative and quantitative losses in wheat. The present study aimed to determine the expression of defense-related genes involved in early stages of infection in response to T. indica by using the differential display reverse transcriptase-PCR method (DDRT-PCR) in susceptible (WL 711) and resistant (HD 29) cultivars of wheat. The DDRT-PCR banding profiles generated by the random primers in combination with oligo-dT primers of resistant and susceptible wheat plants were evaluated at 0 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h after inoculation. Out of 9 sets of primers, 7 sets of primers produced remarkable induced transcripts. The highest up-regulated transcripts were observed in the resistant cultivar (HD 29), whereas the down-regulated transcripts were found in the susceptible (WL 711) cultivar. Several sets of primers were designed from the defenserelated gene sequences available in the GenBank database, and of these, 4 primer sets amplified the desired specific bands. Based on the putative functions, 3 defense-related genes, namely puroindoline protein PINB (AT_KB2), β-1,4-glucanase (AT_KB3), and chitinase (AT_KB7), and 1 housekeeping gene, actin (AT_KB1), were characterized.

De novo genome sequencing and secretome analysis of Tilletia indica inciting Karnal bunt of wheat provides pathogenesis-related genes

“…The wheat importing countries have imposed strict quarantine measures and insist on a zero tolerance limit (Singh and Gogoi 2011). The disease poses an economic threat to the wheat industry due to a reduction in grain quality rather than yield (Tripathi et al 2013).…”

Regulation of physiological processes in winter wheat by growth regulators in conditions of powdery mildew infection

“…Research is being conducted intensively to identify groups of genes responsible for resistance to biotic factors (Meyer et al, 2011). It is believed that resistant genotypes can be identified in the early stages of breeding using molecular biology methods (Meyer et al, 2011;Tripathi et al, 2013). Expanding and deepening research in this area involves the integrated use of physiological and genetic approaches for a more thorough study of the condition of the plant organism, revealing the essence of integral processes that determine the level and orientation of key units of metabolism and the functioning of regulatory systems of plants at different levels of their organization.…”

Response of putative pathogenicity-related genes in Tilletia indica inciting Karnal bunt of wheat

“…The wheat importing countries have imposed strict quarantine measures and insist on a zero tolerance limit (Singh and Gogoi 2011). The disease poses an economic threat to the wheat industry due to reduction in grain quality rather than yield (Tripathi et al 2013). The T. indica fungus has a pathogenesis process which infects the host plant at boot stage (S2, Zadok's stage 49) by dikaryotization between compatible mating types.…”

“…Recent studies have indicated that, host defense responsive genes, viz. puroindoline protein PINB (AT_KB2), β-1, 4-glucanase (AT_KB3), and chitinase (AT_KB7) were highly upregulated in the resistant cultivar (HD 29), whereas the down-regulation of these genes were observed in the susceptible (WL711) cultivar (Tripathi et al 2013). Till now, genes involved in virulence of T. indica have not been studied but few putative pathogenesis-related genes have been characterized in other fungi mainly Ustilago maydis which is a model pathogenic fungus for host-pathogen interaction studies.…”