Diffusion-controlled enzyme-catalyzed molecular communication system for targeted drug delivery

Abstract

In this paper, the prodrug activation capability of enzymes is used to model and study a molecular communication (MC) system for targeted drug delivery (TDD). Specifically, we string together fundamental ideas from nano-robotics, particle diffusion and enzyme-catalyzed kinetics, to present an MC-based TDD model using a set of ordinary differential equations (ODE). We also derived closed-form analytical expressions for the input and output information of the system, and present their corresponding numerical results. Results show that the ratio of the receiver surface area to the enzyme concentration is important to the system's performance in terms of the deliverable potent drug concentration at the targeted site.

Biologically Inspired Bio-Cyber Interface Architecture and Model for Internet of Bio-NanoThings Applications

“…The different functional blocks in the communication sequence, namely Internet, access point, wireless channel, bio-cyber interface, blood network and targeted nanodevice, are designated as h1, h2, h3, h4, h5 and h6, respectively. As stated 7 earlier, the command from the personnel's terminal will be a unique binary code that instructs the nanonetwork to execute certain functions. In our case, these functions include synthesizing and releasing molecules, sensing specific molecules and executing self-annihilation.…”

Bio-inspired physical layered device architectures for diffusion-based molecular communication: Design Issues and suggestions

“…In practice, the receiver's reception architecture and mechanism will depend on the task it is meant to achieve. For instance, the receiver's MA may be a membrane receptors [4,[6][7][8][9]] that bind to the IM triggering the desired cascade of reactions in the receiver. Or the MA may be nanopores through which the IM diffuses into the receiver to initiate desired biochemical reactions.…”

“…An example of the pre-defined receiver is the one presented in [8], which is a simple receiver with its surface covered with active immobilized enzymes that will process the received IM. The generic receive on the other hand is much more complex and will be able to respond differently to different IM.…”

“…Hence, different tasks present different circuit with varying complexity. For instance, if H 2 (ω) is an enzymatic circuit, it can be modeled using approaches presented in [8,50]. However, for a more complex circuit like the one in Fig.7, obtaining an analytical expression for H 2 (ω) will be a more daunting task.…”

“…Research efforts in this direction have been devoted to areas such as channel modelling and noise analysis [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10], capacity definition and analysis [11][12][13], receiver designs and analysis [14][15][16][17][18], modulation techniques [19][20][21][22], and transmission efficiency [23]. These works provide insights into the various phenomena and concepts of MC.…”