“…The electron density was determined to be in the order of 10 17 cm −3 , whereas reported electron densities of atmospheric pressure glow discharge were typical less than 10 15 cm −3 (i.e., ∼ two orders lower than the current measurement). 23–29 Because of this vast difference in electron densities from the two sources (LIBS and glow discharge), contribution of electron density directly from the glow discharge should be negligible. Figure 7.The time-resolved evolution of electron density of the plasma in the absence and presence of the supplementary glow discharge.…”
Section: Electron Temperature and Electron Densitymentioning
In this work, emission signals of laser-induced breakdown (LIBS) plasma of a flowing liquid jet in the absence and presence of an air-supported glow discharge have been investigated. In combination with a needle-to-needle glow discharge, a Q-switched neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser (1064 nm, 5 ns) with power density ∼10W/cm was used to generate a plasma from a liquid jet. Emission lines of Mg, Ca, Al, Li, Na, and K all showed significant enhancements in the presence of the glow discharge. Lower continuum background was also observed. Mechanisms of the line emission enhancement and continuum radiation reduction were discussed.
“…The electron density was determined to be in the order of 10 17 cm −3 , whereas reported electron densities of atmospheric pressure glow discharge were typical less than 10 15 cm −3 (i.e., ∼ two orders lower than the current measurement). 23–29 Because of this vast difference in electron densities from the two sources (LIBS and glow discharge), contribution of electron density directly from the glow discharge should be negligible. Figure 7.The time-resolved evolution of electron density of the plasma in the absence and presence of the supplementary glow discharge.…”
Section: Electron Temperature and Electron Densitymentioning
In this work, emission signals of laser-induced breakdown (LIBS) plasma of a flowing liquid jet in the absence and presence of an air-supported glow discharge have been investigated. In combination with a needle-to-needle glow discharge, a Q-switched neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser (1064 nm, 5 ns) with power density ∼10W/cm was used to generate a plasma from a liquid jet. Emission lines of Mg, Ca, Al, Li, Na, and K all showed significant enhancements in the presence of the glow discharge. Lower continuum background was also observed. Mechanisms of the line emission enhancement and continuum radiation reduction were discussed.
“…The most frequently chosen geometry is that with a hollow cathode [27]. Applications are numerous including light sources [28] and analytical measurements in situ but promise are very good for localized treatment of surfaces within the realm of nanotechnologies.…”
In this paper we discuss how a better understanding of thermal and mainly non-thermal plasmas provides basis for their application in a number or nanotechnologies. One should bear in mind that one may design unique properties of plasmas thus affecting very directly properties of the resulting nanostructures. A number of examples where plasmas contribute to production of nanomaterials, modification of surfaces and functionalization at nanoscales are given here. Plasmas are not a panacea but in nanotechnology their application may be the best strategy to convert production of individual structures to massively parallel production that may become a viable industrial technology.
“…Small current and small dimensions are the stabilizing factors for this microdischarge. DC microhollow cathode discharges (MHCDs) were presented by Stark and Schoenbach [3] and Sankaran and Giapis [11]. The MHCD of Sankaran and Giapis is flow stabilized and operates at up to 20 mA.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This idea is used in various gas discharge laboratory installations by different scientific groups. At present, the microhollow discharge at atmospheric pressure developed by Stark and Schoenbach [3] is widely used as a "plasma cathode." A panel assembled from a large number of microhollow discharges can be a high-pressure dc surface plasma, with electron densities up to 10 13 cm −3 .…”
Nonthermal non-self-sustained dc glow discharge in atmospheric-pressure air was developed in a three-electrode configuration. A self-sustained normal dc atmospheric-pressure glow discharge in helium served as a "plasma cathode" for the main discharge in ambient air. Conditions of discharge transfer from helium volume to atmospheric air are under investigation. It is shown that a smooth transfer between the discharges in both volumes takes place only at small gaps between the "plasma cathode" and the third electrode (less than 5 mm) as the voltage applied to the air gap is increased. For larger gaps, this transfer is accompanied by discontinuous changes in both the voltage and current. After the jump, the discharge is contracted. But if the interelectrode gap is increased (more than 10 mm), then two forms of the discharge exist in one discharge space: diffuse and contracted.Index Terms-Atmospheric-pressure air plasma, atmosphericpressure glow discharge (APGD), glow discharges, plasma generation, plasma measurements.
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