Dispersion behavior of 3D-printed columns with homogeneous microstructures comprising differing element shapes

Nawada, Suhas; Dimartino, Simone; Fee, Conan J.

doi:10.1016/j.ces.2017.02.012

Cited by 64 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The capability of 3D printing technologies to enable manufacturing of optimized three dimensional ordered structures has been recently discussed [8,10,12]. In particular, printing of complex monolithic structures with defined channel size, geometry and configuration tuned for specific separations is particularly attractive.…”

Section: Printability and Resolution Of The New Materials Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These were printed with high fidelity and reproducibility to the original CAD designs. 3D printing also opened the opportunity to explore alternative bed configurations and particle shapes, allowing experimental demonstration that spherical particles are not necessarily the best shape for chromatographic operations, and that new bed morphologies can improve pressure drop and plate height characteristics [12]. Yet, only commercially available urethane-based materials for 3D polyjet printing could be tested, and flow performance of the columns was determined by residence time distribution experiments with non-retained tracers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Direct 3D printing of monolithic ion exchange adsorbers

Simon

Dimartino

2019

Journal of Chromatography A

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Monolithic adsorbers with anion exchange (AEX) properties have been 3D printed in an easy one-step process, i.e. not requiring post-functionalization to introduce the AEX ligands. The adsorber, 3D printed using a commercial digital light processing (DLP) printer, was obtained by copolymerisation of a bifunctional monomer bearing a positively charged quaternary amine as well as an acrylate group, with the biocompatible crosslinker polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA). To increase the surface area, polyethylene glycol was introduced into the material formulation as pore forming agent. The influence of photoinitiator (Omnirad 819) and photoabsorber (Reactive Orange 16, RO16) concentration was investigated in order to optimize printing resolution, allowing to reliably 3D print features as small as 200 µm and of highly complex Schoen gyroids. Protein binding was measured on AEX adsorbers with a range of ligand densities (0.00, 2.03, 2.60 and 3.18 mmol/mL) using bovine serum albumin (BSA) and c-phycocyanin (CPC) as model proteins. The highest equilibrium binding capacity was found for the material presenting the lowest ligand density analysed (2.03 mmol/mL), adsorbing 73.7 ± 5.9 mg/mL and 38.0 ± 2.2 mg/mL of BSA and CPC, respectively. This novel 3D printed material displayed binding capacities in par or even higher than commercially available chromatographic resins. We expect that the herein presented approach of using bifunctional monomers, bearing commonly used chromatography ligands, will help overcome the material limitations currently refraining 3D printing applications in separation sciences.

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Section: Printability and Resolution Of The New Materials Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct 3D printing of monolithic ion exchange adsorbers

Simon

Dimartino

2019

Journal of Chromatography A

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“…These results suggest that such arrangement would be attractive for use in real chromatographic stationary phases. In addition, practical limitations in 3D printing capabilities, such as the large file size needed to describe the entire internal geometry of the packing [12], and the fidelity of the printed objects [13], are more easily overcome with a looser configuration of particles, making this arrangement a realistic goal in practical manufacturing terms. A potential drawback with SC packing is the physical instability of the bed, wherein the high voidage might cause the particles to move under the influence of physical vibration, thus disrupting the ordered bed arrangement.…”

Section: Mesh Independence Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3D printing was recently employed by Fee et al to fabricate perfectly ordered column packings, revolutionizing the design and production of chromatographic stationary phases [12]. Later, Nawada et al evaluated the performance of 3D printed beds of ordered particles, thus experimentally validating the trends predicted by the above computational studies [13]. The exponential growth we are currently witnessing in the 3D printing arena indicates that AM methods with improved resolution, reduced printing times, and enlarged build sizes will soon be available, making the printing of chromatographic stationary phases a reality at industrial scale.…”

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confidence: 98%

Modelling ordered packed beds of spheres: The importance of bed orientation and the influence of tortuosity on dispersion

Dolamore

Fee

Dimartino

2018

Journal of Chromatography A

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Ordered packing has previously been considered for porous media applications in the industrial and analytical worlds, with implementation constrained only by the lack of feasible fabrication methods. Additive manufacturing now provides the answer to this limitation, which leads to the novel domain of customized ordered packing and a variety of optimized geometries. In this work, the chromatographic behaviour of ordered configurations of particles was described using computational fluid dynamics methods based on the Lattice Boltzmann Model. The model was first validated by matching van Deemter trends for ordered and random packings shown in previous research. The influence of rotations of the ordered configurations was then considered, indicating that orientational changes with respect to the main flow axis can strongly affect minimum plate height. In particular, it is demonstrated that targeted rotations of ordered packings can reduce axial dispersion while improving transverse dispersion, thus improving chromatographic performance. This principle is clearly shown in a strong linear correlation between tortuosity and plate height, offering an additional parameter to enable a priori control of the performance of ordered packings. Furthermore, rotation of the packing does not change porosity or surface area and has a relatively small effect on permeability. Thus, highly permeable packings with poor dispersion can be improved in terms of chromatographic impedance by simple rotation of the packing orientation. This work further demonstrates the advantages of ordered packings over randomly packed beds, and introduces new perspectives on the development of chromatographic structures with improved performance.

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“… Active molding : As suggested by Tallarek and coworkers [31], active shaping of macroporous space would significantly increase transcolumn homogeneity of monoliths. Although this approach has been already demonstrated in the literature [38,39], it is necessary to introduce yet other protocols to improve radial homogeneity of polymeric separation materials. Additive manufacturing (3D printing) : Nowadays, 3D printing belongs to one of the most expanding directions in separation science [40–42], and there are already research groups devoting their potential to the development of 3D‐printed stationary phases [43–46]. A coverage of 3D‐printed scaffold by a polymeric material seems to be the simplest way to produce highly ordered stationary phases with selected surface chemistry.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%