“…Those studies can be classified into two types according to whether the human impedance property is constant during operation [18], [19], or variable [20], [21], [22], [23]. Some research studies addressed the method for providing the realistic feel to improve performances in the manual task [20], [25], [26], but no detailed discussion has addressed how a machine should adapt its dynamics for HMIP that would change widely depending on the NMS condition during manual operations.…”