Disturbance tracking control theory with application to horizontal axis wind turbines

Balas, Mark J.; Lee, Yung Jae; Kendall, Lewis

doi:10.2514/6.1998-32

Cited by 61 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Advanced control methods for addressing these issues have been investigated for well over a decade (e.g., [3,4] and additional references reported in [5]), but apparently most commercial systems are still implemented using multiple single-input-single-output (SISO) loops [5]. Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of wind turbines: Past, present, and future

Laks

Pao

Wright

2009

2009 American Control Conference

203

133

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-We review the objectives and techniques used in the control of horizontal axis wind turbines at the individual turbine level, where controls are applied to the turbine blade pitch and generator. The turbine system is modeled as a flexible structure operating in the presence of turbulent wind disturbances. Some overview of the various stages of turbine operation and control strategies used to maximize energy capture in below rated wind speeds is given, but emphasis is on control to alleviate loads when the turbine is operating at maximum power. After reviewing basic turbine control objectives, we provide an overview of the common basic linear control approaches and then describe more advanced control architectures and why they may provide significant advantages.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of wind turbines: Past, present, and future

Laks

Pao

Wright

2009

2009 American Control Conference

203

133

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These disturbance states are used as part of the feedback control to reduce ("accommodate") or counteract any persistent disturbance effects. 6 In Eq. (1), we assume a disturbance generator in the form of an additional state-space model for the wind disturbances: ,…”

Section: Review Of Independent Blade Pitch Control Loopmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 The objectives of the Region 3 independent blade pitch control algorithm are to regulate speed to 41.7 revolutions per minute (rpm), and to add active damping to the tower's first fore-aft bending mode, as well as to mitigate the effects of asymmetric wind disturbances across the rotor disk. As described above, the CART2 is a twobladed teetering hub machine.…”

Section: Review Of Independent Blade Pitch Control Loopmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 The basic idea of DAC is the augmentation of the usual state-estimator-based controller to recreate disturbance states via an "assumed-waveform" model. These disturbance states are used as part of the feedback control to reduce ("accommodate") or counteract any persistent disturbance effects.…”

Section: Review Of Independent Blade Pitch Control Loopmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The independent blade pitch control loop is designed using Disturbance Accommodating Control (DAC), including disturbance models, to account for the uniform and asymmetric wind disturbances across the rotor disk. 6 A separate generator torque control loop adds active damping to the tower first side-side (s-s) mode and first drivetrain torsion mode. The generator torque control loop adds perturbations onto the normally constant Region 3 generator torque to perform this active damping.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Refinements and Tests of an Advanced Controller to Mitigate Fatigue Loads in the Controls Advanced Research Turbine

Wright

Fleming

Wingerden

2011

49th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Wind turbines are complex, nonlinear, dynamic systems forced by aerodynamic, gravitational, centrifugal, and gyroscopic loads. The aerodynamics of wind turbines are nonlinear, unsteady, and complex. Turbine rotors are subjected to a complicated 3-D turbulent wind inflow field, with imbedded coherent vortices that drive fatigue loads and reduce lifetime. Design of control algorithms for wind turbines must account for multiple control objectives. Future large multi-megawatt turbines must be designed with lighter weight structures, using active controls to mitigate fatigue loads, while maximizing energy capture. Active damping should be added to these dynamic structures to maintain stability for operation in a complex environment.At the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), we have designed, implemented, and tested advanced controls to maximize energy extraction and reduce structural dynamic loads. These control designs are based on linear models of the turbine that are generated by specialized modeling software. In this paper, we present field test results of an advanced control algorithm to mitigate blade, tower, and drivetrain loads in Region 3. The advanced state-space controller uses independent blade pitch to mitigate the effects of shear across the rotor disk, and a collective pitch component to add active damping to the tower's first fore-aft bending mode, and, to regulate turbine speed. In addition, a separate generator torque control loop adds active damping to the tower's first side-side mode and the first drivetrain-torsion mode.In this paper we show a refinement to the generator torque control loop to account for actuator delay. We discovered a delay in actuation between commanded generator torque and the torque actually applied to the highspeed shaft. If this delay is not properly accounted for in the plant model used for control design, the generator torque control loop tends to destabilize the first drivetrain torsion mode. We show modifications to the torque control loop to account for this delay, and, to prevent unnecessary control actuation at certain harmonics in the rotorspeed. We present field tests of this controller and make comparisons with a simple PID baseline controller for the 2-bladed Controls Advanced Research Turbine (CART2) located at

show abstract

Infinite horizon linear quadratic tracking problem: A discounted cost function approach

Birgani

Moaveni

Khaki‐Sedigh

2018

Optim Control Appl Methods

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary The discounted cost function approach is one of the main approaches to the infinite time horizon problems in economics and market. This paper introduces a causal and optimal solution based on the discounted cost function approach for infinite horizon linear quadratic tracking problem with disturbance rejection and the problem of disturbance tracking by presenting the theoretical foundations. It is shown that the proposed method has the ability to solve the problems where the reference inputs and disturbance signals are not asymptotically stable. Two numerical examples, a grid connection of voltage source power electronic converter as a SISO system and a load frequency control of a 2‐area nonreheat thermal power system as a MIMO example, are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

show abstract

Disturbance tracking control theory with application to horizontal axis wind turbines

Cited by 61 publications

References 2 publications

Control of wind turbines: Past, present, and future

Control of wind turbines: Past, present, and future

Refinements and Tests of an Advanced Controller to Mitigate Fatigue Loads in the Controls Advanced Research Turbine

Infinite horizon linear quadratic tracking problem: A discounted cost function approach

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About