Economie et ordre juridique de l'espace virtuel

Deffains, Bruno; Fenoglio, Philippe

doi:10.3406/reco.2001.410293

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Third, the low transaction value may simply discourages the parties to resort to a costly legal process. Consumers who participate in this type of commerce expose themselves to a heightened level of risk due to the anonymity and location of the individual making a sale or purchase (Johnson andPost 1996, Deffains andFenoglio 2001). 1 The need to regulate the electronic commerce has scurried the creation of several online dispute resolution companies that offer computer-aided bargaining forums in order to settle conflict situations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does Resorting to Online Dispute Resolution Promote Agreements ? Experimental Evidence

Gabuthy

Marchand

2006

SSRN Journal

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Le recours aux mécanismes de résolution des conflits en ligne favorise-t-il l'obtention d'un accord ? Une étude expérimentaleYannick Gabuthy et Nadège Marchand Abstract This paper presents the results of an experiment performed to test the properties of an innovative bargaining mechanism (called automated negotiation) used to resolve disputes arising from Internetbased transactions. Automated negotiation is an online sealed-bid process in which an automated algorithm evaluates bids from the parties and settles the case if the offers are within a prescribed range. The observed individual behavior, based on 40 rounds of bargaining, is shown to be drastically affected by the design of automated negotiation. The settlement rule encourages disputants to behave strategically by adopting aggressive bargaining positions, which implies that the mechanism is not able to promote agreements and generate efficiency. This conclusion is consistent with the experimental results on arbitration and the well-known chilling effect: Automated negotiation tends to "chill" bargaining as it creates incentives for individuals to misrepresent their true valuations and discourage them to converge on their own. However, this perverse effect induced by the settlement rule depends strongly on the conflict situation. When the threat that a disagreement occurs is more credible, the strategic effect is reduced since defendants are more interested in maximizing the efficiency of a settlement than their own expected profit. RésuméCe papier présente les résultats d'une expérience dont l'objectif est de tester les propriétés d'un nouveau mécanisme de résolution des litiges électroniques (la négociation automatisée). Cette procédure consiste en un programme informatique accessible en ligne qui analyse les propositions d'accord émises par les parties et règle le différend si ces offres appartiennent à un intervalle prédéterminé. Le comportement individuel, observé sur 40 périodes de négociation, apparaît comme fortement influencé par le design de la procédure. La règle de négociation considérée incite les parties à adopter un comportement agressif, ce qui limite la capacité du mécanisme à favoriser la résolution du litige. Conformément aux résultats expérimentaux relatifs à la procédure d'arbitrage, la négociation automatisée crée un effet de glaciation tel que les individus ne sont pas incités à révéler leurs véritables valeurs de réserve et à trouver un accord par eux-mêmes. Cependant, cet effet pervers dépend fortement de l'intensité du conflit opposant les parties. Lorsque la menace d'un désaccord gagne en crédibilité, l'effet stratégique diminue dans la mesure où les défendeurs utilisent la procédure de manière plus efficiente afin de maximiser la probabilité de résolution du litige.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…b D ≥ b P ), then the case is settled and the defendant has to pay the price asked by the claimant: b = b P .I ft h e offers diverge but are within a specified range (i.e. b D (1 + δ) ≥ b P >b D ), then the settlement price is determined by splitting the difference between the parties' offers: 5…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Resorting to Online Dispute Resolution Promote Agreements ? Experimental Evidence

Gabuthy

Marchand

2006

SSRN Journal

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“…Online dispute resolution is applicable in a wide variety of areas, however, the first e-commerce environment to make use of automated negotiation was auction sites. As explained above, these sites are particularly vulnerable to conflictbecauseitisdifficult to find out who is on the other side of the transaction 4 . In March 2000, the online dispute resolution provider "Squaretrade.com" has been integrated into the online auction eBay in order to reassure buyers and sellers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case, the parties are simply agreeing on what the arbitrator would award anyway, so arbitration is actually the determining factor, not negotiation: "... Bargaining is any process through which the players on their own try to reach an 4 For example, the number of online auction complaints received by the United States Federal Trade Commission shot up from 107 in 1997 to 10.700 in 1999. 5 The two main divisions of consumer-focused insurance companies are the property-casualty insurers, which deal with policies like auto or home assurance, and life-health insurers, which deal with medical and life insurance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…How is it possible to haul individuals into court when they may live halfway around the globe? Consumers who participate in this type of commerce expose themselves to a heightened level of risk due to the anonymity and location of the individual making a sale or purchase (Deffains and Fenoglio 2001). Online dispute resolution is then a powerful settlement tool 1 For a survey of these procedures, see the Center of Law, Commerce and Technology -U n i v e r s i t yo f Washington School of Law -http://law.washington.edu/lct/.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Online Dispute Resolution and Bargaining

Gabuthy

2004

European Journal of Law and Economics

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Régulation de l'Internet. L'autorégulation nécessite-t-elle un cadre institutionnel ?

Brousseau¹

2001

reco

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Internet constitue-t-il le modèle idéal d'une économie autorégulée ? La capacité d'y établir de manière décentralisée un système de droits de propriété support de négociations interindividuelles peut le laisser penser ; d'autant que les modèles traditionnels de régulation, fondés sur l'intervention des Etats deviennent inopérants. Les menaces pesant sur la viabilité du processus concurrentiel de même que les externalités générées au-delà de la "communauté" des utilisateurs d'Internet plaident cependant pour un encadrement des autorégulations afin la d'éviter qu'elles ne soient détournées par des groupes d'intérêts cherchant à établir et exercer un pouvoir de monopole. La maîtrise de certaines ressources clés-en particulier le système d'adressage-permettrait à une entité responsable en dernier ressort de la régulation d'Internet d'assurer ces fonctions minimales de régulation. Regulating the Internet: Does Self-Regulation Call for the Design of an Institutional Framework? Is Internet an ideal model for a self-regulated economy? It seems possible to decentraly organize and made enforceable a property right system on which inter-individual negotiations could be set up. Moreover, traditional State intervention is no longer operable since Internet users can bypass the usual regulatory frameworks. In the same time, the longterm sustainability of the competitive process is not guaranteed in the digital economy, and cyber-activities generate externalities that affect the non-users of the Internet. These call for the organization of an institutional framework that would avoid the capture of selfregulations by group of interests seeking for the exercise of monopoly power. Delegating the management of some essential resources-especially, the addressing system-to an entity responsible for the regulation in the last resort would enable to build such a framework.

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Economie et ordre juridique de l'espace virtuel

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Does Resorting to Online Dispute Resolution Promote Agreements ? Experimental Evidence

Does Resorting to Online Dispute Resolution Promote Agreements ? Experimental Evidence

Online Dispute Resolution and Bargaining

Régulation de l'Internet. L'autorégulation nécessite-t-elle un cadre institutionnel ?

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