Effect of electrical stimulation on proliferation and bone-formation by osteoblast-like cells cultured on carbon nanowalls scaffolds

Abstract

Carbon nanowalls (CNWs) were synthesized by radical injection plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition and used as scaffolds for cell culture. The proliferation of osteoblast-like cells (Saos-2) was enhanced on the CNW scaffold upon electrical stimulation (ES) with 10 Hz square pulses at a current of 226 nA. However, after incubation with ES for 10 d, differentiation of the cells toward bone formation was suppressed.

Gene Expression of Osteoblast-like Cells on Carbon-Nanowall as Scaffolds during Incubation with Electrical Stimulation

“…1−8 We recently reported that CNWs are useful as a cell culture scaffold. 8 Scaffolds aid cell proliferation, differentiation, and morphological control. For culturing cells, micro-or nanostructures have been used.…”

“…The ES was 226-nA-current pulses at a repetition of 10 pulses/s. 8 By the cell culture on a CNW scaffold, extracellular calcium content was an indicator of the differentiation of osteoblast cells and was lower and exposed to ES compared to when cells were grown on polystyrene (PS). 8 Moreover, cell morphology was different: the cells aggregated on the CNW scaffold following ES, whereas no aggregation was observed when the cells were grown on PS.…”

“…8 By the cell culture on a CNW scaffold, extracellular calcium content was an indicator of the differentiation of osteoblast cells and was lower and exposed to ES compared to when cells were grown on polystyrene (PS). 8 Moreover, cell morphology was different: the cells aggregated on the CNW scaffold following ES, whereas no aggregation was observed when the cells were grown on PS. However, to date there are no reports of gene expression of the proliferating and differentiating osteogenic cells under these various conditions.…”

“…The deposition conditions were reported elsewhere. 8 Saos-2 cells were cultured in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO 2 /95% air at 37 °C, and the experimental details for culturing cells on CNW scaffolds were previously described. 8 A 48-well cell culture cluster (Corning, 3548) was used as a control.…”

“…8 Saos-2 cells were cultured in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO 2 /95% air at 37 °C, and the experimental details for culturing cells on CNW scaffolds were previously described. 8 A 48-well cell culture cluster (Corning, 3548) was used as a control. For the CNW scaffolds, the pretreatment method of cell culture was described elsewhere.…”