Gene Expression of Osteoblast-like Cells on Carbon-Nanowall as Scaffolds during Incubation with Electrical Stimulation

Abstract

Nanostructured cell-culture scaffolds of carbon nanowalls (CNWs) were prepared by changing average wall-to-wall distances either 132 or 220 nm. Osteoblast-like cells (Saos-2) proliferated during 4 day incubation on the wider (220 nm) CNW scaffolds in the presence of electrical stimulation (ES). Differentiation gene expression levels of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and osteocalcin (OC) were suppressed after 10 day incubation, which indicated that the average wall-to-wall distances of the CNW scaffolds affect suppression of Runx2 and OC gene expression. This technique holds promise for controlling the differentiation of osteoblast-like cells.

Biocompatibility of conformal silicon carbide on carbon nanowall scaffolds

“…CNWs were deposited on silicon (Si) substrates using radical injection-plasma enhanced chemical vaper deposition (RI-PECVD) equipment. 10,11,15,16,[26][27][28][29] The substrates used a low-resistivity (⩽0.1 Ω cm) n-type Si (100) wafer. The equipment used a tandem structure with a surface wave plasma (SWP) and a very high frequency (VHF) capacitively coupled plasma (CCP) source connected by a showerhead type CCP electrode.…”

“…Carbon nanowalls (CNWs) with wrinkle structures have been applied to cell culture scaffolds. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] CNWs are carbon nanostructures with multi graphene layers grown vertically on a substrate. [13][14][15][16][17] Human osteoblastic osteosarcoma cell line (Saos-2) have been used as an in vitro model for studying differentiation into osteocytes as they can differentiate into osteocyte-like cells.…”

“…Ichikawa et al reported that for the application of electrical stimulation (ES) with Saos-2, the CNWs with wider wall-to-wall distances (220 nm) presented more enhanced proliferation than those with narrower (132 nm) distances, and cultures with ES suppressed the expression of the differentiation marker when compared to those without ES. 11) In regenerative medicine, one of the most important techniques is to promote cell proliferation while suppressing differentiation. In osteoblast cultures without ES, when the wall-to-wall distance of the CNWs varied from 100 to 3000 nm, the expression of the differentiation markers increased in the CNWs with wall-to-wall distances of 700 nm.…”

High-performance glass filters for capturing and culturing circulating tumor cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts

“…Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which circulate in blood, are also important cells that are analyzed in liquid biopsies [19][20][21][22] since they can provide information about cancer progression that is different from the information obtained from CTCs. CAFs can negatively or positively regulate cancer progression, e.g., CAFs that express Meflin inhibit pancreatic carcinogenesis 23 .Various nanobiodevices have been developed for the early diagnosis of cancer [24][25][26][27][28] . We have previously developed low-autofluorescence fluoropolymer membrane filters for capturing CTCs 29 .…”

“…Various nanobiodevices have been developed for the early diagnosis of cancer [24][25][26][27][28] . We have previously developed low-autofluorescence fluoropolymer membrane filters for capturing CTCs 29 .…”