Effect of glutamate stimulation of the cuneiform nucleus on cardiovascular regulation in anesthetized rats: Role of the pontine Kolliker–Fuse nucleus

Glutamate Injection Into the Cuneiform Nucleus in Rat, Produces Correlated Single Unit Activities in the Kolliker-Fuse Nucleus and Cardiovascular Responses

“…Our findings also confirm our previous result that the CnF nucleus sends its sympathoexcitatory responses to the RVLM mainly through the KF. Previously we showed that short cardiovascular responses of the CnF were greatly attenuated and the long responses were moderately attenuated by reversible blockade of the KF by CoCl 2 (Shafei and Nasimi, 2011). In the present study, the very-long-excitatory responses constitute the majority of the cardiovascular responses while the single unit responses constitute the minority, confirming our previous finding that the KF may not be the only route for long excitatory responses of the CnF to the RVLM.…”

“…It has been reported that electrical stimulation of the CnF increases arterial pressure and sympathetic vasomotor discharge (Verberne, 1995;. Also, previously we showed that simulation of the CnF by L-glutamate evoked a short or a long excitatory cardiovascular response (Shafei and Nasimi, 2011). In this study, comparable to our previous findings, the pressor effects sum up to 80% of the responses and 20% of the responses were mixed (Table 1).…”

“…Anatomical and histochemical studies showed that the KF receives efferents from the CnF and has strong projections to the RVLM (Korte et al, 1992;Lam et al, 1996. In a recent study we showed that blockade of the KF greatly attenuated the cardiovascular responses of the CnF to glutamate stimulation (Shafei and Nasimi, 2011).…”

“…The KF has widespread interconnections with brain areas involved in cardiovascular, respiratory and pain regulation, such as RVLM, nucleus tractus solitarius, CnF, raphe nucleus, PAG and the intermediolateral (IML) column of the spinal cord (Korte et al, 1992;Dampney and Horiuchi, 2003;Shafei and Nasimi 2011). Electrical stimulation of the KF increased arterial pressure and produced mild tachycardia (Korte et al, 1992).…”

Involvement of β-adrenergic receptor of nucleus tractus solitarius in changing of baroreflex sensitivity by estrogen in female rats

“…[16] The left femoral artery was cannulated with a polyethylene tube (PE-50) filled with heparinized saline for recording BP and HR. Femoral venous was also cannulated for drug injection.…”