Effect of <i>Striga hermonthica</i> on the Growth Characteristics of Sorghum Intercropped with Groundnut Varieties

Tenebe, V. A.; Kamara, H. M.

doi:10.1046/j.1439-037x.2002.00557.x

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Infestation by striga weakens the host by absorbing its supply of moisture, photosynthates and minerals (Tenebe and Kamara, 2002), and causes a phytotoxic effect within days of attachment to its hosts (Frost et al, 1997;Gurney et al, 1999), resulting in large reduction in host plant height, biomass, and eventual grain yield (Gurney et al, 1999). Striga infestation continues to extend to new areas in the region as farmers abandon heavily infested fields for new ones (Khan, 2002;Gressel et al, 2004), a practice that is unsustainable due to consistent reduction in landholdings due to increases in human population .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate-adapted companion cropping increases agricultural productivity in East Africa

Midega

Bruce

Pickett

et al. 2015

Field Crops Research

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a b s t r a c tProduction of cereals, the main staple and cash crops for millions of farmers in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is severely constrained by parasitic striga weed Striga hermonthica, stemborers and poor soil fertility. A companion cropping system known as 'push-pull' overcomes these constraints while providing additional soil fertility and forage grass benefits to smallholder farmers. To ensure the technology's long-term sustainability in view of the current and further potential aridification as a consequence of climate change, drought-tolerant crops, Brachiaria cv mulato (border crop) and greenleaf desmodium (intercrop), have been identified and incorporated into a 'climate-adapted push-pull'. The aims of the current study were to evaluate effectiveness of the new system (i) in integrated control of striga and stemborer pests and (ii) in improving maize grain yields, and to evaluate farmers' perceptions of the technology to assess potential for further adoption. 395 farmers who had adopted the technology in drier areas of Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania were randomly selected for the study. Each farmer had a set of two plots, a climateadapted push-pull and a maize monocrop. Seasonal data were collected in each plot on the number of emerged striga plants, percentage of maize plants damaged by stemborers, plant height and grain yields. Similarly, farmers' perceptions of the benefits of the technology were assessed using a semi-structured questionnaire. There were highly significant reductions in striga and stemborer damage to maize plants in the climate-adapted push-pull compared to the maize monocrop plots: striga levels were 18 times lower and stemborer levels were 6 times lower. Similarly, maize plant height and grain yields were significantly higher. Mean yields were 2.5 times higher in companion planting plots. Farmers rated the climate-adapted push-pull significantly superior in reducing striga infestation and stemborer damage rates, and in improving soil fertility and maize grain yields. These results demonstrate that the technology is effective in controlling both weeds and pests with concomitant yield increases under farmers' conditions. It thus provides an opportunity to improve food security, stimulate economic growth, and alleviate poverty in the region while making agriculture more resilient to climate change.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate-adapted companion cropping increases agricultural productivity in East Africa

Midega

Bruce

Pickett

et al. 2015

Field Crops Research

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“…Berner et al. , 1997; Tenebe & Kamara, 2002), with effects apparent almost immediately following infection, when the parasite is extremely small (Frost et al. , 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic constituents of Alectra and Striga species

et al. 2004

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Decimation of cereal growth and yields by hemiparasiticStriga species cannot be accounted for entirely by the removal of host-plant resources. The production of toxic compounds by the parasite has been suggested. An investigation of three species of the economically important Striga and the related Alectra vogelii has now resulted in the isolation of eight iridoid glucosides (mussaenosidic acid, mussaenoside, gardoside methyl ester, bartsioside, isoaucubin, melittoside, aucubin and eurostoside), two caffeoyl phenylethyl glycosides (calceolarioside A and verbascoside) as well as shikimic acid and trigonelline, all identified by NMR spectroscopy. The iridoids are potent cytotoxins and probably represent an anti-herbivore defence system common to Scrophulariaceae (sensu lato). This has the potential to explain differences in tolerance apparent for contrasting host taxa and cultivars. The nature of the iridoids present also provides additional validation of the recent transferral of parasitic Scrophulariaceae (s.l.) to Orobanchaceae.

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“…Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) and common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are commonly intercropped in low moisture areas of Ethiopia. Although, Europeans considered sorghum as the 'poor man's crop' of Africa and Asia (Tenebe and Kamara, 2002), it is the fifth most important cereal crop worldwide in both planted area and metric tons harvested (FAOUN, 2003). Seventy eight percent of sorghum harvested area lies within Africa and Asia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Plant Density on Yield of Sorghum Intercropping with Haricot Bean at Fadis and Babile

Umata

Debelo

2018

ABC j. adv. res.

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Haricot bean is a principal food crop particularly in Southern and Eastern part of Ethiopia, where it is widely intercropped with maize and sorghum, respectively, to supplement farmer's income (EPPA, 2004). This experiment was handling the appropriate seeding rate on yield of sorghum and haricot bean grown with intercropping system at Eastern Hararghe areas. This activity was done at two locations, Babile and Fadis in RCBD design. The research result showed that, there was significance difference among treatments. treatment (25cmsorghum*30cmharicotbean) and (30cmsorghum and 30cmharicotbean) have more yield when compared to the other both in terms of yield and land equivalent ratio .Even though the sole sorghum yield per hectare were relatively looks like high, the cumulative yield of intercropping yield were higher than the sole sorghum. At both location (Fadis and Erer) the data obtained were similar. This indicates that similar recommendation for the two locations.

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Effect of Striga hermonthica on the Growth Characteristics of Sorghum Intercropped with Groundnut Varieties

Cited by 21 publications

References 7 publications

Climate-adapted companion cropping increases agricultural productivity in East Africa

Climate-adapted companion cropping increases agricultural productivity in East Africa

Cytotoxic constituents of Alectra and Striga species

Determination of Plant Density on Yield of Sorghum Intercropping with Haricot Bean at Fadis and Babile

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