Effect of kaolin waste annealing on the structural and thermal behavior of poly(ε−caprolactone)

Filho, Edson Antônio dos Santos; Luna, Carlos Bruno Barreto; Silva, Adriano L.; Ferreira, Eduardo da Silva Barbosa; Araújo, Edcleide Maria; Costa, A.C.F.M.

doi:10.15446/mo.n64.99725

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Figure 15 a,b shows the relative crystallinity and crystallization rate of pure PA6 and blends, respectively. The relative crystallinity curves of pure PA6 and its blends had a sigmoidal shape, suggesting phase transformation [ 60 , 61 ]. Compared with other formulations, the crystallization process started at higher temperatures for pure PA6 and PA6/ABS (10%) blend.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Small Amounts of ABS and ABS-MA on PA6 Properties: Evaluation of Torque Rheometry, Mechanical, Thermomechanical, Thermal, Morphological, and Water Absorption Kinetics Characteristics

et al. 2022

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In this work, polyamide 6 (PA6) properties were tailored and improved using a maleic anhydride-grafted acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer (ABS-MA). The PA6/ABS-MA blends were prepared using a co-rotational twin-screw extruder. Subsequently, the extruded pellets were injection-molded. Blends were characterized by torque rheometry, the Molau test, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), impact strength, tensile strength, Heat Deflection Temperature (HDT), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetry (TG), Contact Angle, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and water absorption experiments. The most significant balance of properties, within the analyzed content range (5, 7.5, and 10 wt.%), was obtained for the PA6/ABS-MA (10%) blend, indicating that even low concentrations of ABS-MA can improve the properties of PA6. Significant increases in impact strength and elongation at break have been achieved compared with PA6. The elastic modulus, tensile strength, HDT, and thermal stability properties of the PA6/ABS-MA blends remained at high levels, indicating that maleic anhydride interacted with amine end-groups of PA6. Torque rheometry, the Molau test, and SEM analysis suggested interactions in the PA6/ABS-MA system, confirming the high properties obtained. Additionally, there was a decrease in water absorption and the diffusion coefficient of the PA6/ABS-MA blends, corroborating the contact angle analysis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Small Amounts of ABS and ABS-MA on PA6 Properties: Evaluation of Torque Rheometry, Mechanical, Thermomechanical, Thermal, Morphological, and Water Absorption Kinetics Characteristics

et al. 2022

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“…The phase transition events (melting and crystallization) obtained by DSC were analyzed using the INTEGRAL software, as described in the literature. [45,46] The conversion into melt fraction and crystallized fraction was made using the expression: J corresponds to the heat flow required during the phase transition event, while J 0 represents the virtual baseline. Moreover,…”

Section: Compounds Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning the performance of PA6/EPDM‐MA nanocomposites reinforced with Ni_0.₅Zn₀_.₅Fe₂O₄. Effect of the mixing protocol on mechanical, thermal, thermomechanical, magnetic, and morphological behavior

et al. 2022

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The mixing protocol effect was investigated in nanocomposites based on polyamide 6 (PA6) and maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM-MA), using Ni-Zn ferrite as filler. The nanocomposites were processed using an internal mixer and specimens were injection molded. Compounds properties were investigated through Izod impact strength, tensile strength, x-ray diffraction (XRD), magnetic measurements, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG), heat deflection temperature (HDT), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). PA6/EPDM-MA mixture showed super-tough behavior, with an increase of around 918% in impact strength, compared with PA6. However, there was a loss close to 50% in the elastic modulus and 5% in HDT, due to the high flexibility. In view of this, this mixture was selected for the production of nanocomposites toughened with Ni-Zn ferrite, using three mixing sequences. When the nanocomposite was processed by the simultaneous mixing of all components (PA6/EPDM-MA/Ni-Zn), the highest impact strength (458 J/m) was reached, corresponding to a gain of 486%, compared with PA6. On the other hand, when Ni-Zn ferrite and PA6 were initially premixed by melting, before EPDM-MA addition in a second processing step, HDT and impact strength properties increased by 6% and 281%, in relation to PA6. In addition, the nanocomposites showed magnetic responses, with a soft material behavior, that is, they magnetize and demagnetize easily. In general, toughened and magnetic nanocomposites were produced, with good mechanical and thermal properties, displaying potential to produce magnetic films.

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“…17 However, PCL has limitations such as low stiffness, low thermomechanical strength and low crystallization temperature. 18,19 An alternative to improve these drawbacks is through the PCL reinforcement with vegetable fibers, 20 producing ecological biocomposites and contributing to expand its application range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jatobá wood flour: An alternative for the production of ecological and sustainable PCL biocomposites

Luna

Filho

Siqueira

et al. 2022

Journal of Composite Materials

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The industrial residue of Jatobá wood flour (JWF) was reused during production of biocomposites based on polycaprolactone (PCL), 50% by weight of JWF was added to PCL matrix. Initially, maleic anhydride-grafted polycaprolactone compatibilizer (PCL-g-MA) was synthesized and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and degree of grafting. Afterwards, PCL/JWF and PCL/JWF/PCL-g-MA biocomposites were processed in an internal mixer and injection molded. From the gathered results, increase in torque and reduction in the melt flow index of PCL/JWF biocomposites were verified related to neat PCL. Upon addition of PCL-g-MA to PCL/JWF there was a lubricating effect with reduced torque and increased fluidity. PCL/JWF displayed increased elastic modulus, Shore D hardness, and heat deflection temperature (HDT) around 158.5%, 16% and 24.5%, respectively, related to PCL. Nevertheless, there was decline in tensile strength and impact strength, which were improved in PCL/JWF/PCL-g-MA, suggesting higher interaction among phases, providing greater stress transfer. An interesting finding was the nucleating effect of JWF in PCL matrix, as the increased degree of crystallinity and accelerated crystallization. Morphology of PCL/JWF evidenced several voids, but upon compatibilization with PCL-g-MA, the interfacial adhesion and wetness increased, improving the mechanical properties. JWF reusing presents great potential to produce sustainable biocomposites, reducing the final product costs.

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Effect of kaolin waste annealing on the structural and thermal behavior of poly(ε−caprolactone)

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

Influence of Small Amounts of ABS and ABS-MA on PA6 Properties: Evaluation of Torque Rheometry, Mechanical, Thermomechanical, Thermal, Morphological, and Water Absorption Kinetics Characteristics

Influence of Small Amounts of ABS and ABS-MA on PA6 Properties: Evaluation of Torque Rheometry, Mechanical, Thermomechanical, Thermal, Morphological, and Water Absorption Kinetics Characteristics

Tuning the performance of PA6/EPDM‐MA nanocomposites reinforced with Ni_0.₅Zn₀_.₅Fe₂O₄. Effect of the mixing protocol on mechanical, thermal, thermomechanical, magnetic, and morphological behavior

Jatobá wood flour: An alternative for the production of ecological and sustainable PCL biocomposites

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Effect of kaolin waste annealing on the structural and thermal behavior of poly(ε−caprolactone)

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

Influence of Small Amounts of ABS and ABS-MA on PA6 Properties: Evaluation of Torque Rheometry, Mechanical, Thermomechanical, Thermal, Morphological, and Water Absorption Kinetics Characteristics

Influence of Small Amounts of ABS and ABS-MA on PA6 Properties: Evaluation of Torque Rheometry, Mechanical, Thermomechanical, Thermal, Morphological, and Water Absorption Kinetics Characteristics

Tuning the performance of PA6/EPDM‐MA nanocomposites reinforced with Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4. Effect of the mixing protocol on mechanical, thermal, thermomechanical, magnetic, and morphological behavior

Jatobá wood flour: An alternative for the production of ecological and sustainable PCL biocomposites

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Tuning the performance of PA6/EPDM‐MA nanocomposites reinforced with Ni_0.₅Zn₀_.₅Fe₂O₄. Effect of the mixing protocol on mechanical, thermal, thermomechanical, magnetic, and morphological behavior