“…In recent years, many studies on improving the energy storage of PZO-based AFE thin films are carried out, such as doping with Ca 2+ , Ba 2+ , Sr 2+ , La 3+ , Eu 3+ , Li + -La 3+ at Pb 2+ site, Ti 4+ , Sn 4+ , Nb 5+ at Zr 4+ site, etc. 13,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] The previous studies indicate that the crystal lattice strain induced by doping ions has a profound influence on the phase structure Journal of Advanced Ceramics https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jacer 4 and electric field-induced phase transformation, however, the Wrec and η values are still not sufficiently improved. Especially, the excessive energy loss not only reduces the discharge energy storage density, but also accelerates the insulation degradation and decreases the operation reliability of dielectric capacitors.…”