Effect of single clove garlic on clinical symptoms of photoaging in wistar rats exposed with UV-B

Abstract

Background: Photoaging is a premature aging that occurs on skin due to the ultraviolet light exposure that causes the emergence of clinical symptoms, one of which is wrinkle. One kind of material that can prevent photoaging is antioxidant. A single clove garlic has the highest antioxidant activity compared to the other materials.
 Aim: This research aimed at investigating the effectivity of single clove garlic in inhibiting the clinical symptom of photoaging.
 Method: This research was an experimental research, utilizing pre-post-test control group design. The used sample were 30 male wistar rats which were divided into 6 experimental groups. All groups were exposed to UV-B light with the amount of 840 mJ/cm2. Control group (P1) was only exposed to UV-B while the other groups were treated with placebo cream (P2), sunblock (P3), 5% garlic cream (P4), 10% garlic cream (P5) and 20% garlic cream (P6) respectively. The clinical symptom in the form of wrinkle was observed by using dermascope and the observations were categorized based on Glogau Scale. The statistical analysis utilized Wilcoxon and Kruskal Wallis test which was followed by Mann Whitney test.
 Result: The result of the research showed that there was significant difference on the apparent wrinkle on P1 group and P3, P5 and P6. Meanwhile the comparison between P1, P2 and P4 was not significant.
 Conclusion: The single clove garlic extract can prevent photoaging and has the similar protective effect for the skin as of sunblock.

Potensi Ekstrak Bawang Hitam sebagai Tabir Surya terhadap Paparan Sinar Ultraviolet

“…Selain dapat meningkatkan risiko kemunculan kanker kulit, paparan sinar UV juga dapat menyebabkan sunburn (kulit terbakar), hiperpigmentasi, eritema, kulit hitam, dan photoaging [5].Photoaging merupakan penuaan dini pada kulit yang ditandai dengan munculnya keriput akibat paparan sinar UV berlebih terutama sinar UVB [6].…”

“…Studi in vivo terhadap 30 ekor wistar yang dipapar sinar UVB menemukan bahwa ekstrak bawang putih memiliki efek fotoprotektif yang dapat melindungi kulit dari photoaging menyerupai fungsi tabir surya pada umumnya. Hal ini disebabkan karena kandungan antioksidan pada bawang putih seperti S-Allylcysteine (SAC) dan diallyl sulfide (DAS) dapat mengurangi hiperplasia kulit dan kerutan [6]. Ekstrak bawang putih juga dapat meningkatkan pembentukan jaringan kolagen dan elastin pada kulit tikus yang dicukur bulunya dan terpapar sinar UVB [27].…”

“…Radikal bebas ini menginduksi keratinosit dan menimbulkan proliferasi keratinosit berlebih sehingga terjadi hiperplasia yang menyebabkan penebalan epidermis 12,979 kali dari normal [16]. Antioksidan menjaga stabilitas regulasi matriks kolagen, elastin, menurunkan aktivitas MMP, menghambat pembentukan ROS dan aktivitas NF-κB sehingga mengurangi kerusakan kolagen maupun apotopsis sel [6,8]. Antioksidan dalam bawang putih juga meningkatkan ekspersi gen sirtuin 6 yang merupakan protein dengan kemampuan melindungi DNA dari kerusakan akibat radikal bebas dan mencegah proses photoaging [16].…”