Effect of stimulus variation upon resistance to extinction in kindergarten children.

Viney, Wayne; Hulicka, Irene M.; Bitner, James; Raley, Coleman L.; Brewster, Phillip

doi:10.1037/h0025846

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…However, the stimuli in these studies may have altered resistance because they were established as conditioned reinforcers rather than as discriminative stimuli during acquisition. For example, Viney, Hulicka, Bitner, Raley, and Brewster (1968) manipulated the number of stimuli that were common to both acquisition and extinction conditions with 60 kindergarten children who were taught a two-choice discrimination task. When a subject responded correctly in acquisition, delivery of the reinforcer (a marble) was accompanied by an audible click, a red light, a blue light, a bell, and a buzzer.…”

Section: Stimulus Change Basic (Nonclinical) Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rincover & Koegel, 1975), and resistance may be further enhanced by pairing additional stimuli with reinforcement and introducing them during extinction (cf. Viney et al, 1968). Further studies should investigate the efficacy of these strategies as well as the effects of stimulus change on other characteristics of the extinction process.…”

Section: Applied Research and Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developing a Technology for the Use of Operant Extinction in Clinical Settings: An Examination of Basic and Applied Research

Lerman

Iwata

1996

J of App Behav Analysis

189

124

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Extinction of operant behavior, which involves terminating the reinforcement contingency that maintains a response, is important to the development, generalization, and reduction of behavior in clinical settings. We review basic and applied research findings on variables that influence the direct and indirect effects of extinction and discuss the potential value of a general technology for the use of extinction. We suggest that current research findings are not sufficient for the development of a comprehensive, applied technology of extinction and provide extensive guidelines for further studies on factors that may affect the course of extinction in clinical settings.DESCRIPTORS: extinction, behavior disorders, reinforcementExtinction of operant behavior involves terminating the reinforcement contingency that maintains a response, which results in a reduction in the behavior's occurrence over time. 1 Results of basic research (e.g., Ferster & Skinner, 1957;Skinner, 1938) have revealed much about its direct and indirect effects, including a number of variables that influence the general course of responding during extinction. These findings have important implications for the use of extinction in applied settings, in which behavior is ofWe thank Marc Branch, Timothy Hackenberg, Cecil Mercer, and Betty Capaldi for their helpful comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript.Reprints may be obtained from

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Section: Stimulus Change Basic (Nonclinical) Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Applied Research and Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a Technology for the Use of Operant Extinction in Clinical Settings: An Examination of Basic and Applied Research

Lerman

Iwata

1996

J of App Behav Analysis

189

124

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Effect of number of secondary reinforcers on resistance to extinction in children.

Johnson¹

1973

Journal of Experimental Psychology

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Resistance to Extinction: A Test of the Discrimination Hypothesis

Dubanoski

Weiner

1978

Psychol Rep

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To test the discrimination hypothesis of the partial reinforcement effect in extinction, partial or continuous reinforcement trials were interpolated between the initial training trials of partial or continuous reinforcement and the extinction period. 112 children from Grades 2 and 3 participated in one of four conditions. Children receiving two consecutive blocks of partial reinforcement showed the greatest resistance to extinction, children receiving two consecutive blocks of continuous reinforcement showed the weakest resistance, and those receiving partial reinforcement followed by continuous reinforcement or vice versa showed intermediate levels of resistance. Discrimination between training and extinction does not seem to be the critical factor involved in the partial reinforcement effect. The results were discussed in terms of a stimulus analyzer or a sequential analysis model.

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Effect of stimulus variation upon resistance to extinction in kindergarten children.

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Developing a Technology for the Use of Operant Extinction in Clinical Settings: An Examination of Basic and Applied Research

Developing a Technology for the Use of Operant Extinction in Clinical Settings: An Examination of Basic and Applied Research

Effect of number of secondary reinforcers on resistance to extinction in children.

Resistance to Extinction: A Test of the Discrimination Hypothesis

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