Effects of dichloromethane Sarcophyton spp. extract on the lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of nuclear factor-kappa B and inducible nitric oxide synthase in mice

Abstract

Background and Aim: The soft coral genus Sarcophyton is a source of cembraneterpen. Sarcophyton is reported to have anti-inflammatory properties, with the ability to reduce the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and inhibit nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of dichloromethane (DCM) extracts of soft coral Sarcophyton spp. to inhibit the expression of NF-κB and iNOS induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Materials and Methods: Crude extracts of Sarcophyton spp. were macerated with DCM (1:3 v/v) for 24 h. Thirty-six Balb/c mice were divided into six treatment groups, namely, normal control (without LPS induction), negative control (LPS induction 4 mg/mL), comparative control (LPS+Dexamethasone 6 mg/kg), and 3 concentration groups extract (LPS+50, 125, and 250 mg/kg). The expression of NF-κB and iNOS was measured in each treatment group. Results: Flow cytometry analysis showed that the relative number of NF-κB+ cells increased (18.38±1.24%) in LPS-induced mice compared with normal mice (13.24±1.15%). The Sarcophyton spp. DCM extracts decreased the relative number of NF-κB+ cells (125 mg/kg: 13.96±0.84%). Immunohistochemical analysis with ImmunoMembrane showed that LPS induction in mice increased iNOS expression when compared to normal mice. The Sarcophyton spp. DCM extracts reduced iNOS expression (especially at 125 mg/kg). Conclusion: DCM extracts of Sarcophyton spp. inhibited the activation of NF-κB, resulting in suppressed iNOS expression, which directly inhibits NO production.

Tilapia viscera hydrolysate extract alleviates oxidative stress and renal damage in deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt-induced hypertension rats

“…Table-1 also shows that the hydrolysis degree was directly proportional to the TVHE IC 50 . This suggests the hydrolysis process increased the peptide number [ 31 , 39 ]. These peptides tend to be short-chain peptides.…”

“…Increased enzymatic antioxidants could decrease the free radical anion superoxide (O 2 − ) [ 38 , 49 ]. Often, endogenous antioxidants and exogenous antioxidants work together to properly inhibit excessive ROS formation [ 39 , 40 ]. TVHE acts as an exogenous antioxidant that can work by directly donating hydrogen ions to neutralize free radicals’ toxic effects.…”

Potensi dan Karakteristik Bakteri Simbion Karang Lunak Sinularia sp. sebagai Anti Bakteri Escherichia coli dari Perairan Pulau Gili Labak Madura Indonesia

“…Senyawa-senyawa bioaktif pada Sinularia sp. ini berfungsi sebagai senyawa bioaktif yang berperan menghabat aktivitas bakteri atau dikenal sebagai anti bakteri (Rozirwan et al, 2014), antivirus dan anti inflamasi (Cheng et al, 2010), penghambat aktivitas NFkB dan iNOS (Riyadi et al, 2019) dan penghambat aktivitas NO (Fattorusso et al, 2011dan Putra et al, 2012.…”

AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK KARANG LUNAK Sinularia sp. DENGAN METODE BROTH-DILUTION

“…Selain itu, Sinularia sp. juga dilaporkan memiliki aktivitas antiviral, anti-inflamasi (Cheng et al, 2010); inhibitor NFkB dan iNOS (Riyadi et al, 2019) dan inhibitor NO (Fattorusso et al, 2011dan Putra et al, 2012.…”