Effects of soil drying and rate of re-wetting on concentrations and forms of phosphorus in leachate

Blackwell, Martin; Brookes, P. C.; Fuente-Martinez, N. de la; Murray, P. J.; Snars, K. E.; Williams, J. K.; Haygarth, Philip M.

doi:10.1007/s00374-009-0375-x

Cited by 76 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Withers and Hodgkinson (2009) also recorded high soluble reactive P and TP in low flow volumes entering an agriculturally dominated headwater stream during dry summer conditions. Higher P concentrations released to soil solution following drying and rewetting have been observed in laboratory experiments (Blackwell et al, 2009;Turner and Haygarth, 2001) and the same phenomenon may be what is observed here, similar to the flush of P observed after rewetting of soils after a dry summer (Dupas et al, 2015). Other outliers, with lower than expected event TP load for any given event rainfall could be attributed to exhaustion flushing of P when several events followed in quick succession (i.e.…”

Section: Event Classificationsupporting

confidence: 88%

Changing climate and nutrient transfers: Evidence from high temporal resolution concentration-flow dynamics in headwater catchments

Ockenden

Deasy

Benskin

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

125

104

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Section: Event Classificationsupporting

confidence: 88%

Changing climate and nutrient transfers: Evidence from high temporal resolution concentration-flow dynamics in headwater catchments

Ockenden

Deasy

Benskin

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

125

104

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“…On the other hand, the increased labile or soluble P can transfer, via leaching, from soil to surface water and subsequently trigger eutrophization events in the near water-bodies. Blackwell show that air-drying and rewetting significantly changed the concentrations of P, especially dissolved forms in the leachate (Blackwell et al 2009(Blackwell et al , 2010. The effects on water quality may be increased by irrigation practices and in regions where climate change causes longer dry periods or more frequent cycles of wetting and drying (Turner et al 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of air-drying and freezing on phosphorus fractions in soils with different organic matter contents

Xu¹,

Sun²,

Xu³

et al. 2011

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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Little is known about the effects of air-drying and freezing on the transformation of phosphorus (P) fractions in soils. It is important that the way in which soils respond to such perturbations is better understood as there are implications for both P availability and loss to surface waters from soils. In this study, the effects of air-drying and freezing were investigated using two soils, one being a forest soil (FS) high in organic matter and the other being a sterile soil (SS) low in organic matter. Soil P was fractionated using a modified Hedley fractionation method to examine the changes of phosphorus fractions induced by air-drying and freezing. Generally, there were no significant differences of total phosphorus among the three treatments (CV% < 10%). Compared with field moist soils, freezing the soil evoked few changes on phosphorus fractions except that the resin-P increased in FS soil. On the contrary, air-drying significantly changed the distribution of phosphors fractions for both soils: increased the labile-P (especially resin-P) and organic-P (NaHCO 3 -Po, NaOH-Po and Con.HCl-Po) at the expense of NaOH-Pi and occlude-P (Dil.HCl-P and Con.HCl-Pi). Resin-P significantly increased by 31% for SS soil and by 121% for FS soil upon air-drying. The effect of air-drying seemed to be more pronounced in the FS soil with high organic matter content. These results indicated that drying seem to drive the P transformation form occlude-P to labile-P and organic-P and accelerated the weathering of stable P pool. This potentially could be significant for soil P supply to plants and P losses from soils to surface waters under changing patterns of rainfall and temperature as predicted by some climate change scenarios.

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“…The difference between total phosphorus and reactive phosphorus is termed 'unreactive phosphorus' . The dissolved unreactive phosphorus represents mainly organic form of phosphorus and P fixed into an organic and an inorganic particles ('particulate phosphorus') which passed procedure of filtration (Worsfold et al 2005, Styles and Coxon 2006, Blackwell et al 2009). In our case of water extract of soils, the great difference between the colorimetric and ICP phosphorus in comparison with Mehlich 3 and NH 4 -acetate extracts indicates a possibility of a significant part of 'particulate phosphorus' due to limited aggregation of soil particles in the low ionic strength of water extract (Ebeling and Davis 2009).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in available phosphorus evaluated by soil tests in relation to detection by colorimetric and ICP-AES techniques

Matula¹

2010

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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Differences in the evaluation of soil phosphorus status by three soil tests (Mehlich 3, extraction with NH 4 -acetate and water extraction) were tested on 63 agricultural soils with different agrochemical characteristics from the territory of the Czech Republic. Differences between the colorimetric determination of phosphorus and ICP technique were studied. The median of the values of phosphorus supply in soils determined by soil tests was considerably different. Compared to the colorimetric detection of water extraction of soils the median of the NH 4 -acetate test showed 2.2 times higher values and in Mehlich 3 test the values were 34.8 times higher. The largest difference between the end-point analytical techniques of phosphorus determination, colorimetry and ICP-AES, was observed in the soil test of water extraction. The median of the values determined by ICP-AES was higher by 47%. In NH 4 -acetate extraction of soils the median of the measured values of phosphorus was higher by 12% and in Mehlich 3 extraction by 7%. Differences in phosphorus concentrations determined by colorimetry and by ICP-AES increased as the phosphorus supply in soils decreased. When the supply of 'available' phosphorus in soil is given, it is always necessary to specify the used soil test including the end-point analytical technique of phosphorus determination to avoid the misleading interpretation of results. The problem of phosphorus in agriculture and in the environment requires thorough revision and methodical standardization.

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Effects of soil drying and rate of re-wetting on concentrations and forms of phosphorus in leachate

Cited by 76 publications

References 40 publications

Changing climate and nutrient transfers: Evidence from high temporal resolution concentration-flow dynamics in headwater catchments

Changing climate and nutrient transfers: Evidence from high temporal resolution concentration-flow dynamics in headwater catchments

Effects of air-drying and freezing on phosphorus fractions in soils with different organic matter contents

Differences in available phosphorus evaluated by soil tests in relation to detection by colorimetric and ICP-AES techniques

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