Effects of swimming associated with risedronate in osteopenic bones: An experimental study with ovariectomized rats

Paliologo, Taiane; Shimano, Roberta Carminati; Shimano, Antonio Carlos; Macedo, Ana Paula; Falcai, Maurício José; Issa, João Paulo Mardegan

doi:10.1016/j.micron.2015.07.002

Cited by 7 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In the present study, although there was no difference between the ET4 and BL groups, the animals that performed the aerobic swimming exercise demonstrated increased BMD after eight weeks of training (ET8), compared to the BL group without intervention. Thus, swimming exercise, while not subjecting the bone tissue to impact, demonstrated an osteogenic effect, although of lesser magnitude since it was only able to increase BMD after eight weeks of training 12,13 . Calcium deposition in bone is partly regulated by the mechanical stress to which the bone is subjected 2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In contrast, physical exercise can act as an important non-drug intervention, increasing BMD and bone tissue resistance. Exercises with no impact, such as swimming and cycling, do not demonstrate an effect on improving BMD 12,13 ; however, studies that used swimming to reverse a BMD reduction framework caused by the absence of mechanical stimuli showed effectiveness in increasing BMD after swimming exercise 2,12,14 . In the present study, although there was no difference between the ET4 and BL groups, the animals that performed the aerobic swimming exercise demonstrated increased BMD after eight weeks of training (ET8), compared to the BL group without intervention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of aerobic, anaerobic, and concurrent training on bone mineral density of rats

Castoldi

Louzada

Oliveira

et al. 2017

Motriz: rev. educ. fis.

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-A sample of 39 rats were divided into the following groups: baseline (BL); aerobic training (ET4 and ET8); anaerobic training (ST4 and ST8); and concurrent training (CT4 and CT8). The aerobic training was performed by swimming with a load corresponding to 70% of the anaerobic threshold; the anaerobic training was performed by jumping in water with a load corresponding to 50% of body weight; and the concurrent training combined the two protocols. The analysis of BMD was performed on the tibia of the animals and showed an increase in the density of the ST4, CT4, ET8, ST8, and CT8 groups when compared with both the BL and ET4. Thus, it is concluded that anaerobic exercise was shown to be effective in increasing the BMD of animals after four weeks of training; however, aerobic training was only able to raise BMD following eight weeks of training.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of aerobic, anaerobic, and concurrent training on bone mineral density of rats

Castoldi

Louzada

Oliveira

et al. 2017

Motriz: rev. educ. fis.

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“…In general, an ideal diet is not sufficient to supply the hormonal deficit caused by menopause, especially regarding bone tissue. Physical exercises are considered a good strategy for maintaining bone mass; however, although the effectiveness of different types of exercise has already been widely discussed, there is a significant gap on the ideal modality …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Physical exercises are considered a good strategy for maintaining bone mass; however, although the effectiveness of different types of exercise has already been widely discussed, there is a significant gap on the ideal modality. 4,29 Some authors affirm that aerobic exercise of medium intensity and with overload is more efficient. 8,30 However, other authors argue that the most valuable exercise for the prevention of bone loss is high impact.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of high‐impact exercise on the physical properties of bones of ovariectomized rats fed to a high‐protein diet

Shimano

Yanagihara

Macedo

et al. 2018

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of high-impact physical exercise as a prophylactic and therapeutic means in osteopenic bones of rats submitted to ovariectomy and protein diet intake. A total of 64 Wistar rats were divided into eight groups (n = 8 each), being: OVX, ovx, standard diet and sedentary; OVXE, ovx, standard diet and jump; OVXP, ovx, high-protein diet and sedentary; and OVXEP, ovx, high-protein diet and jump; SH, sham, standard diet and sedentary; SHE, sham, standard diet and jump; SHP, sham, high-protein diet and sedentary; and SHEP, sham, high-protein diet and jump. OVX surgery consists of ovariectomy, and sham was the control surgery. The jumping protocol consisted of 20 jumps/day, 5 days/week. The bone structure was evaluated by densitometry, mechanical tests, histomorphometric, and immunohistochemical analyses. A high-protein diet resulted in increased bone mineral density (P = .049), but decreased maximal load (P = .026) and bone volume fraction (P = .023). The benefits of physical exercise were demonstrated by higher values of the maximal load in the trained groups compared to the sedentary groups (P < .001). The sham groups had decreased immunostaining of osteocalcin (P = .004) and osteopontin (P = .010) compared to ovx groups. However, the high-protein diet (P = .005) and jump exercise (P = .017) resulted in lower immunostaining of osteopontin compared to the standard diet and sedentary groups, respectively. In this experimental model, it was concluded that ovariectomy and a high-fat diet can negatively affect bone tissue and the high-impact exercise was not enough to suppress the deleterious effects caused by the protein diet and ovariectomy.

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“…21,22 From a biomechanical point of view, the deformation of the mineralised extracellular matrix and its micro-damage are closely related, and the mechanisms of paracrine signalling, in which these two theories are involved, are very different. Furthermore, people who are interested in using the theory of bone mechanoregulation to guide the design of physical therapies 23,24 aiming to gain or preserve bone mass [25][26][27] , would reach very different conclusions if different theories of bone mechanoregulation are used. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of bone mechanoregulation in the physiological loading scenario is important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Theory of Bone Mechanoregulation in the Physiological Loading Scenario

Lyu

Zhao

et al. 2018

J. Mech. Med. Biol.

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In this paper, the theory of bone mechanoregulation under physiological loading was evaluated. The entire right tibiae of wild type (WT, [Formula: see text]) and parathyroid hormone (PTH, [Formula: see text]) treated C57BL/6J female mice were scanned using an in vivo [Formula: see text]CT imaging system at 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, and 22 weeks. The PTH intervention started from week 18 until week 22. Subject-specific finite element (FE) models were created from the [Formula: see text]CT images and physiological loading condition was defined in the FE models. The rates of changes in bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), and bone tissue density (TMD) were quantified over 40 anatomical compartments across the entire mouse tibia. The resulting values were then correlated to the average 1st principal tensile strain ([Formula: see text]) and the strain energy density (SED) for every compartment at weeks 18, 20, and 22. It was found that: in both groups, [Formula: see text] had a minimal effect on the variability of [Formula: see text]BMC ([Formula: see text]); SED had a significant effect on the variability of [Formula: see text]BMC only in the WT group ([Formula: see text]); [Formula: see text] had a significant effect on the variability of [Formula: see text]BMD only in the PTH group ([Formula: see text]); SED had a significant effect on the variability of [Formula: see text]BMD in both groups ([Formula: see text]); neither SED nor [Formula: see text] had a significant effect on the variability of [Formula: see text]TMD ([Formula: see text]). These results are the first to reveal the mechanism of bone mechanoregulation in the physiological loading scenario.

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Effects of swimming associated with risedronate in osteopenic bones: An experimental study with ovariectomized rats

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

Effects of aerobic, anaerobic, and concurrent training on bone mineral density of rats

Effects of aerobic, anaerobic, and concurrent training on bone mineral density of rats

Effects of high‐impact exercise on the physical properties of bones of ovariectomized rats fed to a high‐protein diet

Evaluating the Theory of Bone Mechanoregulation in the Physiological Loading Scenario

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