Effects of the electric field on microstructure and electrical properties of ZnO–Bi2O3–Co2O3 varistor by flash sintering

Shi, Mengyang; Liu, Juan; Li, Jiamao; Xu, Jinghong; JIANG, Ming; Xu, Dong

doi:10.1007/s10854-022-08653-4

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…As illustrated in Ref. 14 , it is similar to the feature of two-dimensional projection profile shapes among nonlinear grain boundaries in plane X-Y. More specially, it is evident that nonlinear grain boundary structure shapes also exist in plane Y-Z.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Nondestructive characterization of grain boundary Z‐directional lateral surface in ZnO using nanorobot combined with SEM

Cao

Shen

et al. 2023

J Am Ceram Soc.

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Different from focusing on grain boundary upper surface in plane X–Y, a unique approach of nanorobot‐based nondestructive characterization of grain boundary Z‐directional lateral surface within bulk ZnO ceramic can be creatively developed under scanning electron microscope (SEM). By rolling‐over bulk ZnO, two‐dimensional profiles and grain boundaries in Z‐directional lateral surfaces have been imaged in plane Y–Z and individually electrically characterized nondestructively. Experiments demonstrate that it is feasible to realize nondestructive characterization of grain boundary Z‐directional lateral surface structures and electrical properties using nanorobot combined with SEM. Relative height differences between grain boundaries within Z‐directional lateral surface can characterize the relative position relationships. Z‐directional lateral surface structures can further extend irregular grain boundary lengths in plane Y–Z to interpret surface effects of nonlinear electrical properties. Relative minor electrical reactive effects in grain indicate grain boundary dominate in nonlinear macroscopic electrical properties. Furtherly, it can be advanced to promote a nondestructive characterization of grain boundary.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Nondestructive characterization of grain boundary Z‐directional lateral surface in ZnO using nanorobot combined with SEM

Cao

Shen

et al. 2023

J Am Ceram Soc.

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“…This is attributed to the strong hydrophilicity and acidity of PEDOT : PSS. [51] Moreover, the BrBACz-controlled device keeps 68.5 % of its initial efficiency under continuous illumination for 1,036 hours (Figure 3i), while the retentions for the devices with BrBCz and PEDOT : PSS are reduced to 58.9 % and 32.4 %, respectively (Figure S22, Table S7). This is due to the significant degradation of the V oc and FF.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Self‐Assembled Molecules with Asymmetric Backbone for Highly Stable Binary Organic Solar Cells with 19.7 % Efficiency

Yu,

Ding,

Yang

et al. 2024

Angewandte Chemie

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The hole‐transporting material (HTM), PEDOT:PSS, is the most widely used material in the realization of high‐efficiency organic solar cells (OSCs). However, the stability of PEDOT:PSS‐based OSCs is quite poor, arising from its strong acidity and hygroscopicity. In addition, PEDOT:PSS has an absorption in the infrared region region and high HOMO energy level, thus limiting the enhancement of short‐circuit current density (JSC) and open‐circuit voltage (VOC), respectively. Herein, two asymmetric self‐assembled molecules (SAMs), namely BrCz and BrBACz, were designed and synthesized as HTMs in binary OSCs based on the well‐known system of PM6:Y6, PM6:eC9, PM6:L8‐BO, and D18:eC9. Compared with BrCz, BrBACz shows larger dipole moment, deeper work function and lower surface energy. Moreover, BrBACz not only enhances photon harvesting in the active layer, but also minimizes voltage losses, thus improving interface charge extraction/ transport. Consequently, the PM6:eC9‐based binary OSC using BrBACz as HTM exhibits a champion efficiency of 19.70 % with a remarkable JSC of 29.20 mA cm‐2 and a VOC of 0.856 V, which is a record efficiency for binary OSCs so far. In addition, the unencapsulated device maintains 95.0 % of its original efficiency after 1,000 hours of storage at ambient condition, indicating excellent long‐term stability.

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“…The resistance value of the varistor is a nonlinear relationship with the voltage at both ends. ZnO-based varistor is a ceramic electronic device with excellent performance which is sintered with ZnO as the main raw material by adding various trace metal oxides, such as Bi 2 O 3 and TiO 2 [1][2][3]. The additive Bi 2 O 3 mainly separates ZnO grains to form a thin layer of bismuth-rich grain boundary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Ti-Doped ZnO/Bi2O3 Nanofilm Heterojunction and Analysis of Microstructure and Photoelectric Properties

et al. 2023

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Ti-doped ZnO (TZO) and Bi2O3 thin films were designed and deposited by magnetron sputtering successively on ITO glass substrate to form a Ti-doped ZnO/Bi2O3 (TZO/Bi2O3) heterojunction. Microstructure and photoelectric properties of TZO, Bi2O3, and TZO/Bi2O3 films were tested and characterized. The results showed that TZO film with a hexagonal wurtzite structure was preferentially grown along the crystal plane (002), had a good crystallization state, and was an N-type semiconductor film with high transmittance (90%) and low resistivity (4.68 × 10−3 Ω·cm). However, the Bi2O3 film sputtered in an oxygen-containing atmosphere and was a polycrystalline film that was preferentially grown along the crystal plane (111). It had a lower crystallization quality than TZO film and was a P-type semiconductor film with low transmittance (68%) and high resistance (1.71 × 102 Ω·cm). The I–V curve of TZO/Bi2O3 composite films showed that it had an obvious heterojunction rectification effect, which indicates that the PN heterojunction successfully formed in TZO/Bi2O3 films.

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Effects of the electric field on microstructure and electrical properties of ZnO–Bi2O3–Co2O3 varistor by flash sintering

Cited by 7 publications

References 46 publications

Nondestructive characterization of grain boundary Z‐directional lateral surface in ZnO using nanorobot combined with SEM

Nondestructive characterization of grain boundary Z‐directional lateral surface in ZnO using nanorobot combined with SEM

Self‐Assembled Molecules with Asymmetric Backbone for Highly Stable Binary Organic Solar Cells with 19.7 % Efficiency

Preparation of Ti-Doped ZnO/Bi2O3 Nanofilm Heterojunction and Analysis of Microstructure and Photoelectric Properties

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