Effects of Tobacco Smoking on Chronic Periodontitis and Periodontal Treatment

Buduneli, Nurcan

doi:10.5772/39169

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 102 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…9 Smoking is the second strongest modifiable risk factor for periodontal disease after the microbial dental plaque. 10 Smokers are more likely to harbour higher amounts of potential periodontal pathogens consequently leading to significantly higher clinical attachment loss and bone loss as compared to non-smokers. 11 Smoking is known to impair many aspects of acquired and innate immunity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of stress, serum and salivary cortisol, and interleukin‐1β levels in smokers and non‐smokers with chronic periodontitis

Bawankar

Kolte

2018

Journal of Periodontology

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of stress, serum and salivary cortisol, and interleukin‐1β levels in smokers and non‐smokers with chronic periodontitis

Bawankar

Kolte

2018

Journal of Periodontology

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“…Periodontitis is an irreversible multifactorial disease that caused by dental plaque and host response. 1 Centers for Disease Control, American Academy of Periodontology, estimates that 47,2% or 64,7 million American adult in the United States 2009 and 2010 have mild, moderate, and severe periodontitis. In adults 65 and older, prevalence rates increase to 70,1%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is an imbalance between those factors and make the periodontal tissue become worse. 1 Studies said smoker has the greater alveolar bone loss, loss of attachment, and periodontal pocket compared to a non-smoker. Fernando Reno, et al in 2007, analyzed about alveolar bone loss in anterior teeth between smoker and non-smoker patient with chronic periodontitis in Brazilian said that alveolar bone loss in a smoker is greater than non-smoker and incisor has greater alveolar bone loss followed by molar.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Difference Upper Incisor and Upper Molar Alveolar Bone Loss between Smoker and Non-Smoker Patient with Chronic Periodontitis

2019

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Periodontitis is one of most common oral disease. Chronic periodontitis is characterised by gingival inflamation, periodontal pocket, lost of attachment, and alveolar bone loss. Smoking is a risk factor of periodontal disease that has direct effect to periodontal tissue. Smoking prevalence in Indonesia during 2013 was about 56,7% among men and about 1,9% among women. Smoking modifies the periodontal microbial challenge and host cytokine levels. Some studies showed that smoker has greater alveolar bone loss than non-smoker, and teeth that have the greatest alveolar bone loss are incisor and followed by molar. The aim of this study is to know the upper incisor and upper molar alveolar bone loss differences between smoker and non-smoker patient with chronic periodontitis. The study’s samples are 92 chronic periodontitis statuses and 200 periapical radiographs that selected by purposive sampling techinque. This study will measure the distance between cementoenamel junction to alveolar bone crest, cementoenamel junction to tooth apex, and alveolar bone loss percentage at upper incisor and upper molar. To compare the differences upper incisor and upper molar alveolar bone loss at patient with chronic periodontitis between smoker and non-smoker will be analyzed by independent t test and Mann-Whitney U test. The result showed that smoker has greater alveolar bone loss than non-smoker. There is no significant differences at upper incisor alveolar bone loss and there is significant differences at upper molar alveolar bone loss between smoker and non-smoker patient with chronic periodontitis.

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“…They contain over 4,000 different compounds, of which 400 are proven carcinogens -aromatic amines, nitrosamines, oxidants (free oxygen radicals), radioactive elements (Polonium 210) as well as high concentrations of toxic volatile substances. These compounds destroy the protective macromolecules of saliva, enzymes and proteins, thus losing its protective role and the lining becomes susceptible to inflammatory or degenerative changes [7,8]. Smoking induces local oxidative stress and reduces Antioxidant Compounds (AOC), presented by enzyme and non-enzymatic antioxidants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Smoking on Salivary Parameters

2019

J Family Med Prim Care Open Acc

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Smoking is a widespread harmful habit and a proven risk factor for a number of inflammatory and malignant diseases of the oral cavity as well as of the respiratory and digestive system. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the effect of smoking on the salivary composition of whole unstimulated saliva. Materials and Methods: The study included 186 people, divided into two groups-smokers (77 people) and non-smokers (109) with an average age of 33 (19-57). Ninety-nine of them are men and 87 women. Unstimulated saliva, collected in a passive manner using advanced standard analytical requirements, is used for the analyzes. The following indicators were analyzed: Uric acid (UA), alpha amylase (a-amy), secretory Ig A (sIg A), total protein (TPro), and albumin (alb). Salivary parameters were analyzed with the finished kit of Thermo sciens, Becman Coulter, with the adaptation of the oral fluid methods of the biochemical analyzer Olympus AU 640 and Indiko Plus. Results: We observed a significant increase in the concentration of salivary total protein, and albumin, and respectively a decrease in UA, amylase and sIg A in smokers, resulting in a change in saliva homeostasis and its antioxidant capacity. Conclusion: The results show significant quantitative changes in the saliva parameters between smokers and non-smokers, with smoking adversely affecting oral homeostasis and with an increased risk of inflammatory and degenerative changes in the lining.

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Effects of Tobacco Smoking on Chronic Periodontitis and Periodontal Treatment

Cited by 5 publications

References 102 publications

Evaluation of stress, serum and salivary cortisol, and interleukin‐1β levels in smokers and non‐smokers with chronic periodontitis

Evaluation of stress, serum and salivary cortisol, and interleukin‐1β levels in smokers and non‐smokers with chronic periodontitis

The Difference Upper Incisor and Upper Molar Alveolar Bone Loss between Smoker and Non-Smoker Patient with Chronic Periodontitis

The Effect of Smoking on Salivary Parameters

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