Effects of water saving irrigation and rice variety on greenhouse gas emissions and water use efficiency in a paddy field fertilized with anaerobically digested pig slurry

Win, Khin Thuzar; Nonaka, Ryoko; Win, Aye Thida; Sasada, Yu; Toyota, Koki; Motobayashi, Takashi

doi:10.1007/s10333-013-0406-y

Cited by 39 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…AWD irrigation significantly reduced methane emission by 50% in the dry season and 65% in the wet season compared with those in CF. The reduction rate of CH 4 emission by water management in this study was comparable to previous findings: a 59.1% reduction by AWD in Vietnam by Thuy 15 ; 65% by water‐saving irrigation (irrigation was stopped when the soil Eh was below −150 mV, and 0–1 cm floodwater was retained afterward) in Japan by Win et al 16 17 ; 61% by AWD practices in southeast China by Lu et al 18 …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Greenhouse gas emissions, grain yield and water productivity: a paddy rice field case study based in Myanmar

Win

Bellingrath-Kimura

et al. 2020

Greenhouse Gases

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Climate change is a vital environmental issue that significantly affects rice productivity. Rice paddy fields are one of the greatest anthropogenic sources of methane (CH 4) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions. To evaluate the combined effects of manure amendment and water management on GHG emissions, grain yield and water productivity per rice yield in a lowland rice field with a sandy clay loam soil in Myanmar, this study was conducted with a split-plot design. Two water management practices (continuous flooding [CF] and alternate wetting and drying [AWD]) and four levels of cow dung manure (0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 t ha −1) were applied with three replications in the dry (February-May) and wet (July-October) seasons in 2017. In the dry season, significantly higher cumulative methane (CH 4) emissions (50.5%) were recorded in CF than in AWD, while cumulative nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions were 70% higher in AWD than in CF, although the difference was not significant. Manure application showed no effect on CH 4 and N 2 O emissions compared with the no-manure control, irrespective of application level. In the wet season, significantly higher cumulative CH 4 emissions (65.2%) were again recorded in CF than in AWD; however, the cumulative N 2 O emissions were similar between CF and AWD. Methane and N 2 O emissions in the wet season were 65.8 and 35.8% higher, respectively, than those in the dry season. In both seasons, higher grain yields (1.8% in dry and 7.6% in wet) and higher water productivity (130% in dry and 31% in wet) were recorded in AWD than in CF. Increased grain yields (18.9% in dry and 7.7% in wet) and water productivity (25.5% in dry and 15.8% in wet) were recorded in the manure treatments compared to those in the no-manure treatment. This study presents quantitative data on how manure amendment and water management affected GHG emissions in a paddy field in Myanmar.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Greenhouse gas emissions, grain yield and water productivity: a paddy rice field case study based in Myanmar

Win

Bellingrath-Kimura

et al. 2020

Greenhouse Gases

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“…For example, increase in N 2 O emissions (up to 4.5 kg N 2 O ha −1 ) was observed in studies that applied intermittent irrigation as compared to traditional irrigation or continuous flooding [65,72,77,83,[86][87][88]91]. Similarly, a number of studies demonstrated that continuous flooding leads to lower N 2 O emissions as compared to water-saving irrigation treatments in studies done in China, South Korea, and the USA [57,64,71,76,84,85].…”

Section: Effects Of Irrigation On N 2 O Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Irrigation and Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Review of Field-Based Studies

et al. 2020

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Irrigation practices can greatly influence greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions because of their control on soil microbial activity and substrate supply. However, the effects of different irrigation management practices, such as flood irrigations versus reduced volume methods, including drip and sprinkler irrigation, on GHG emissions are still poorly understood. Therefore, this review was performed to investigate the effects of different irrigation management strategies on the emission of nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and methane (CH4) by synthesizing existing research that either directly or indirectly examined the effects of at least two irrigation rates on GHG emissions within a single field-based study. Out of thirty-two articles selected for review, reduced irrigation was found to be effective in lowering the rate of CH4 emissions, while flood irrigation had the highest CH4 emission. The rate of CO2 emission increased mostly under low irrigation, and the effect of irrigation strategies on N2O emissions were inconsistent, though a majority of studies reported low N2O emissions in continuously flooded field treatments. The global warming potential (GWP) demonstrated that reduced or water-saving irrigation strategies have the potential to decrease the effect of GHG emissions. In general, GWP was higher for the field that was continuously flooded. The major finding from this review is that optimizing irrigation may help to reduce CH4 emissions and net GWP. However, more field research assessing the effect of varying rates of irrigation on the emission of GHGs from the agricultural field is warranted.

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“…GWP was used to assess the potential effects of GHGs on global warming. The GWP within a 100-year time frame was converted into CO 2 equivalent (CO 2 -eq) emissions by multiplying the cumulative emissions of CH 4 and N 2 O by 25 and 298, respectively [43].…”

Section: Gwp and Ghgi Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation into the Effects of Straw Retention and Nitrogen Reduction on CH4 and N2O Emissions from Paddy Fields in the Lower Yangtze River Region, China

Zhang

Wang

2020

Sustainability

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Straw retention is a widely used method in rice planting areas throughout China. However, the combined influences of straw retention and nitrogen (N) fertilizer application on greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes from paddy fields merits significant attention. In this work, we conducted a field experiment in the lower Yangtze River region of China to study the effects of straw retention modes and N fertilizer rates on rice yield, methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emission fluxes, global warming potential (GWP), and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) during the rice season. The experiments included six treatments: the recommended N fertilizer—240 kg N·ha−1 with (1) no straw, (2) wheat straw, (3) rice straw, and (4) both wheat and rice straw retentions; in a yearly rice–wheat cropping system (N1, WN1, RN1, and WRN1, respectively); as well as both wheat and rice straw retentions with (5) no N fertilizer and (6) 300 kg N·ha−1 conventional N fertilizer (WRN0, WRN2). The results showed that CH4 emissions were mainly concentrated in the tillering fertilizer stage and accounted for 54.2%–87.5% of the total emissions during the rice season, and N2O emissions were primarily concentrated in the panicle fertilizer stage and accounted for 46.7%–51.4% total emissions. CH4 was responsible for 87.5%–98.5% of the total CH4 and N2O GWP during the rice season, and was the main GHG contributor in the paddy field. Although straw retention reduced N2O emissions from paddy field, it significantly increased CH4 emissions, which resulted in a significant net increase in the total GWP. Compared with the N1 treatment, the total GWP of WN1, WRN1, and RN1 increased by 3.45, 3.73, and 1.62 times, respectively; and the GHGI increased by 3.00, 2.96, and 1.52 times, respectively, so the rice straw retention mode had the smallest GWP and GHGI. Under double-season’s straw retentions, N fertilizer application increased both CH4 and N2O emissions, and the WRN1 treatment not only maintained high rice yield but also significantly reduced the GWP and GHGI by 16.5% and 30.1% (p < 0.05), respectively, relative to the WRN2 treatment. Results from this study suggest that adopting the “rice straw retention + recommended N fertilizer” mode (RN1) in the rice–wheat rotation system prevalent in the lower Yangtze River region will aid in mitigating the contribution of straw retention to the greenhouse effect.

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Effects of water saving irrigation and rice variety on greenhouse gas emissions and water use efficiency in a paddy field fertilized with anaerobically digested pig slurry

Cited by 39 publications

References 37 publications

Greenhouse gas emissions, grain yield and water productivity: a paddy rice field case study based in Myanmar

Greenhouse gas emissions, grain yield and water productivity: a paddy rice field case study based in Myanmar

Irrigation and Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Review of Field-Based Studies

Investigation into the Effects of Straw Retention and Nitrogen Reduction on CH4 and N2O Emissions from Paddy Fields in the Lower Yangtze River Region, China

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