Electrodeposited Nickel Cobalt Sulfide Flowerlike Architectures on Disposable Cellulose Filter Paper for Enzyme-Free Glucose Sensor Applications

Abstract

Three-dimensional flowerlike nickel cobalt sulfide (NiCo 2 S 4 ) nanostructures are electrochemically deposited over the Ni-modified cellulose filter paper (CFP). The fabricated NiCo 2 S 4 /Ni/CFP is explored as a binder-free and self-standing electrode for enzyme-free electrochemical detection of glucose in alkaline media, in which Ni/CFP and NiCo 2 S 4 serve as the current collector and active material, respectively. Owing to the rich redox active sites, synergistic effect between Co 4+ and Ni 3+ , and rapid electron transportation tuned with the substitution of sulfur (S) with oxygen labile functional group, NiCo 2 S 4 /Ni/CFP exhibits considerable enzyme-free glucose-sensing performance with wide linear glucose concentration ranging from 0.5 μM to 6 mM, high sensitivity of 283 μA mM −1 cm −2 , and low detection limit of 50 nM. The developed NiCo 2 S 4 /Ni/CFP's sensing performances are reproducible, stable, and highly selective toward the analyte of interest in physiological interfering species. Thus, the self-standing, binder-free, inexpensive, easily disposable, and facile electrode fabrication process proposed in this study opens a new paradigm architecture for the development of efficient electrochemical sensor devices with affordable cost.

Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensing Based on Incorporation of Carbon Nanotube into Zn-Co-S Ball-in-Ball Hollow Sphere

“…The detection limit was estimated 2.98 µM (S/N = 3) (S was the standard deviation of the blank signals for n = 10, and N was the slope of the calibration curve). The sensor behaviors of Zn-Co-S BHS/CNTs were better or comparable to the present reported non-enzymatic glucose sensing based on ternary transition metal oxide/sulfide based materials (Table 1) [37][38][39][40][41][42].…”

“…However, no redox peaks was observed at CNTs ( Figure 4 a). This result indicated that redox peaks in the Zn-Co-S BHS and Zn-Co-S BHS/CNTs should be attributed to the existence of Faradaic redox couple species in Zn-Co-S BHS, which might act as active sites to deliver enhanced electrochemical activity during glucose electro-oxidation [ 37 ]. By comparing the CV curves of Zn-Co-S BHN/CNTs with CNTs and Zn-Co-S BHS in 0.1 M NaOH, Zn-Co-S BHS/CNTs exhibited satisfactory electrochemical catalytic activity, which was proposed to derive from the unique conductive network of CNTs providing an ideal conductive contact between Zn-Co-S BHS and CNTs.…”

Facile Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing for Glucose Based on Cu2O–BSA Nanoparticles Modified GCE

“…Transition metals are low cost and can be used as electrocatalytic materials for glucose. There are many electrocatalysts reported for transition metals, including pure metals [6,25], bimetals [7,26,27,28], compounds [29,30,31,32], and composites [33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44] for non-enzymatic glucose sensors. The catalytic principle of non-enzymatic glucose sensors based on transition metals is by using the d-electron of d-orbital to form medium-strength bonds with substrates, so that the analyte can be easily adsorbed at any time, and its products can be easily desorbed [3].…”

Biosensors Based on Advanced Sulfur-Containing Nanomaterials

“…Literature [ 7 , 23 , 25 , 34 , 37 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ] has reported that different morphologies of metallic sulfide nanomaterials such as nanowires, nanoplates, hollow ellipsoid, nanotubes, hollow spheres, nanorods, flowerlike structures, core-shell nanoparticles, nanoribbons and complex hierarchal micro/nanostructures been synthesized. Different synthetic approaches, such as dip-coating, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), aqueous one-step wet chemistry, hydrothermal, coprecipitation, exfoliation, sputtering, solid-state reaction, ball-milling and biosynthetic methods, were used to synthesize metal sulfide nanomaterials (shown in Table 1 ).…”