2020
DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02411-3
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Engineering vertically interrogated interferometric sensors for optical label-free biosensing

Abstract: In this work, we review the technology of vertically interrogated optical biosensors from the point of view of engineering. Vertical sensors present several advantages in the fabrication processes and in the light coupling systems, compared with other interferometric sensors. Four different interrelated aspects of the design are identified and described: sensing cell design, optical techniques used in the interrogation, fabrication processes, fluidics, and biofunctionalization of the sensing surface. The desig… Show more

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Cited by 15 publications
(15 citation statements)
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References 68 publications
(89 reference statements)
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“…The latter two are based on labeled technologies such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or lateral flow-based systems [ 16 ]. However, the significant advantages of optical biosensing systems based on combined interferometry and resonance, used with or without optical waveguides, are worth mentioning [ 17 , 18 ]. The applications of surface plasmon resonance-based biosensors [ [19] , [20] , [21] ], diffraction grating coupled interferometry [ 22 ], photonic crystals [ 23 , 24 ], ring resonators [ [25] , [26] , [27] ], Mach–Zehnder [ 28 , 29 ], guided-mode resonance biosensors [ 30 , 31 ], Young interferometers [ 32 ], and resonant nanopillars [ 33 ], among others, have been widely reported.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The latter two are based on labeled technologies such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or lateral flow-based systems [ 16 ]. However, the significant advantages of optical biosensing systems based on combined interferometry and resonance, used with or without optical waveguides, are worth mentioning [ 17 , 18 ]. The applications of surface plasmon resonance-based biosensors [ [19] , [20] , [21] ], diffraction grating coupled interferometry [ 22 ], photonic crystals [ 23 , 24 ], ring resonators [ [25] , [26] , [27] ], Mach–Zehnder [ 28 , 29 ], guided-mode resonance biosensors [ 30 , 31 ], Young interferometers [ 32 ], and resonant nanopillars [ 33 ], among others, have been widely reported.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…There have been efforts to develop optical biosensors utilizing the simple structure of FPI to have characteristics such as an easy fabrication process, simple test setup, and cost-effectiveness [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 ]. For example, You et al developed a microfluidic enhanced FPI-based biosensor to detect glucose, sodium chloride (NaCl), and potassium chloride (KCl) for diabetes patients [ 37 ].…”
Section: Fabry-perot Interferometer (Fpi)-based Biosensorsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For each of the steps, we report different characterization techniques, CA (Contact Angle), ellipsometry, XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), fluorescence, that indicate the effectiveness of the described biofunctionalization process. Among the various approaches for label-free optical biosensing, including surface plasmon resonance devices, ring resonators, photonic crystals, and Mach-Zehnder devices [16][17][18][19], we used an interferometric optical biosensing based on vertical interrogation [20,21].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%