Enhanced Murine Respiratory Tract IgA Antibody Response to Oral Influenza Vaccine when Combined with a Lipoidal Amine (Avridine)

Abstract

The adjuvant activity of avridine, a synthetic lipoidal amine, incorporated in liposomes, was studied in mice immunized orally with killed influenza virus vaccine (A/PR/8/34, H1N1). Coadministration of avridine-containing liposomes and viral antigen enhanced the remote-site IgA antibody response in the respiratory tract without a concomitant serum antibody response or side effects. The results support the possible use of mucosal adjuvants for oral immunization against respiratory pathogens.

Mucosal Adjuvants

“…CT enhances specific immune responses after coadministration with diverse types of antigens (i.e., protein, polysaccharide, lipids) and using various delivery strategies and mucosal routes of administration. Representative examples of antigens delivered with CT include tetanus toxoid Xu-Amano et al, 1994;Marinaro et al, 1995), Helicobacter pylori urease (Saldinger et al, 1998;Pappo et al, 1995), pneumococcal polysaccharide or surface proteins (Yamamoto et al, 1997a;Vancott et al, 1996), Haemophilus influenzae lipooligosaccharide (Hong et al, 2010), inactivated influenza virus (Bergmann and Waldman, 1988), Candida albicans (De Bernardis et al, 2002), and Eh29 antigen from Entameba histolytica (Carrero et al, 2010). CT-adjuvanted vaccines potentiate antigen-specific S-IgA, serum IgG, IgM, IgE, and cellular responses (Bourguin et al, 1991;Xu-Amano et al, 1993;Tanaka et al, 2007;Hodge et al, 2001;Nurkkala et al, 2010;Vendetti et al, 2009).…”

l-Arginine stimulates intestinal intraepithelial lymphocyte functions and immune response in chickens orally immunized with live intermediate plus strain of infectious bursal disease vaccine

“…Antigen specific activation of mucosal immune system is important for protection of chickens from variety of infections. Numbers of strategies are evolved to induce protective immunity by antigenic stimulation of mucosal surfaces [10]. One of these strategies is oral delivery of vaccines, which is one of the most convenient and cheaper immunization routes.…”

Mouse models for the study of mucosal vaccination against otitis media

“…Influenza vaccines tested in murine models include live topical vaccines, inactivated vaccines, and subunit vaccines consisting of antigens from pathogenic organisms, including the major surface glycoproteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) [47,[156][157][158][159][160][161][162][163][164]. In addition, a number of influenza DNA vaccine candidates are in various stages of development, with the hope that this vaccine approach induces a broad spectrum of immunity against multiple strains of influenza virus.…”

“…A variety of mucosal antigen delivery systems have been developed to increase uptake of antigen at mucosal surfaces, including biodegradable nanoparticles [160] and biopolymers such as chitosan [134], liposomes [158,159,132], and ISCOMs [156,157,166,169]. Studies with recombinant bacterial [115,206] and viral [191] vector systems have demonstrated the feasibility of creating live delivery systems that express recombinant DNA encoding foreign antigens but without the ability to allow reversion to a virulent phenotype [115,206].…”