Enrofloxacin resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from dogs with urinary tract infections

Cooke, Cara L.; Singer, Randall S.; Jang, Spencer S.; Hirsh, Dwight C.

doi:10.2460/javma.2002.220.190

Cited by 71 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It accumulates to particularly high concentrations within the urinary tract and, is efficacious against a spectrum of uropathogens (Polzin 1999). However, a dramatic increase in the development of bacterial resistance to canine uropathogens associated with the growing use of enrofloxacin has been reported (Cooke 2002;Cohn 2003). Ceftriaxone is a third generation, human-labelled cephalosporin with activity against a broad spectrum of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (Rodman et al 1994).…”

Section: Pre-treatment Clinical and Bacteriological Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Traditional treatment of canine uncomplicated LUTIs involves administration of an appropriate antimicrobial agent for 10−14 days (Ettinger and Feldman 2010;Weese 2011). Studies dealing with the consequences of widespread administration of enrofloxacin have demonstrated an increase in the proportion of resistant bacteria isolated from dogs with urinary tract infections (Cooke 2002;Cohn 2003). Ceftriaxone therapy has been documented to be efficacious in the management of human complicated or uncomplicated urinary tract infections (Iravani and Richard 1985;Park et al 2012;Lin et al 2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of single-dose ceftriaxone versus multiple-dose enrofloxacin in dogs with uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection: a randomised clinical trial

Çolakoğlu¹,

Haydardedeoğlu²,

Alihosseini³

et al. 2017

Vet. Med. - Czech

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Dogs with uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection (LUTI) are usually treated with appropriate antibiotics for 10−14 days. In humans, a single dose of ceftriaxone is employed in the treatment of uncomplicated LUTI. The purpose of the current study was to compare the efficacy of a single dose of ceftriaxone with multiple dose (14 days) enrofloxacin administration in dogs with uncomplicated LUTI. Forty-seven non-pregnant clientowned dogs with LUTI signs were enrolled in this prospective, controlled, randomised, blinded clinical trial. The inclusion criteria were the presence of at least one type of bacteria greater than or equal to 1000 CFU/ml in each urine sample. Dogs were assigned randomly to Group ENR (n = 23) enrofloxacin treatment (5 mg/kg, s.c., s.i.d., for 14 days) and Group CEF (n = 20) ceftriaxone treatment (25 mg/kg, i.v., once). The time needed for disappearance of clinical signs ranged from 4−9 days and 1−5 days for Group ENR and Group CEF, respectively. Clinical signs significantly improved earlier in Group CEF than in Group ENR (P < 0.0001). Urine culture with less than or equal to 1000 CFU/ml was achieved on Days 17−21 after the first day of treatment in all dogs. Although a single dose of ceftriaxone can be considered as an alternative treatment to alleviate the signs of uncomplicated LUTI in dogs, its status as drug of last resort is a limiting factor for its extensive use in clinical practice.

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Section: Pre-treatment Clinical and Bacteriological Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of single-dose ceftriaxone versus multiple-dose enrofloxacin in dogs with uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection: a randomised clinical trial

Çolakoğlu¹,

Haydardedeoğlu²,

Alihosseini³

et al. 2017

Vet. Med. - Czech

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“…Estas concentraciones muy superiores establecidas en experiencias realizadas con idénticas dosis por aplicación oral (16) serían suficientes para el tratamiento de infecciones urinarias no complicadas, por cuanto el éxito terapéutico depende de la dosis, el intervalo de aplicación, las concentraciones conseguidas (al menos cuatro veces la CMI), y que los microorganismos patógenos sean moderadamente susceptibles (26). Sin embargo, estos resultados son insuficientes para recomendar su aplicación a la dosis y por la vía ensayada, considerando la elevada manifestación de resistencia exhibida frente a las fluoroquinolonas (7,27), posiblemente por los valores de pH entre 5,5 y 7 dieta dependiente, de la orina de caninos (28), siendo menos eficaces las fluoroquinolonas en medio ácido (17,29,30). Por otro lado, la orina puede contener cantidades de magnesio, que reduce la actividad de las fluoroquinolonas, independientemente del pH (17,31).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…En caninos, las infecciones urinarias asociadas a Escherichia coli, el uropatógeno más importante (3), demandan diversos antibacterianos, inclusive fluoroquinolonas (3-5), acorde con las significativas concentraciones urinarias provistas (1,6); sin embargo, la resistencia creciente de E. coli, cercana al 40 %, restringe su eficacia terapéutica (3,4,7,8).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Evaluation of the contribution of gyrA mutation and efflux pumps to fluoroquinolone and multidrug resistance in pathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from dogs and cats

Shaheen¹,

Boothe²,

Oyarzábal³

et al. 2011

ajvr

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ResumenSe estudió la disposición plasmática y urinaria de marbofloxacina en caninos (n = 6) tras la aplicación intramuscular de 2 mg/kg. En distintos tiempos posadministración se tomaron muestras de sangre hasta las 24 h, y de orina solo en los caninos machos (n = 4) a las 4, 8, 12 y 24 h. Se realizó una extracción líquido-líquido del analito con agua, metanol y centrifugado a 13.500 r. p. m. a 4 °C. La separación y cuantificación se realizó por HPLC mediante la elusión isocrática en fase reversa, utilizando columna C-18, detector de fluorescencia a 295 nm de excitación y 490 nm de emisión y fase móvil compuesta por agua, acetonitrilo y trietilamina. Las concentraciones plasmáticas temporales se analizaron con el software no compartimental PK Solution 2.0. Los resultados conseguidos indican pronta absorción, rápida y amplia distribución. El Cl y los valores conseguidos de t½β y TMR indican lenta depuración y prolongada permanencia. El ensayo determinó concentraciones plasmáticas perdurables hasta 24 h, y que exceden la CMI de patógenos relevantes. El cociente ABC/ CMI indica eficacia frente a microorganismos con CMI ≤ 0,15 μg/ml. Las concentraciones urinarias de marbofloxacina son más significativas que las plasmáticas. No obstante, se requieren nuevos estudios que avalen su empleo con la dosis y vía de aplicación ensayada.Palabras clave: caninos, farmacocinética, marbofloxacina, plasma, orina. Plasma and urine pharmacokinetics of intramuscular marbofloxacin in canines AbstractPlasma and urinary disposition of marbofloxacin was studied in canines (n = 6) after intramuscular administration of 2 mg/kg. At different times post-administration, blood samples were collected until 24 h, and urine samples, only from male dogs (n = 4) at 4; 8; 12, and 24 h. Liquid-liquid extraction of analyte with water, methanol, and centrifugation at 13500 rpm at 4 °C were performed. Separation and quantification were made using HPLC by reverse phase isocratic elution with a C18 column, fluorescence detector at 295 nm excitation and 490 nm emission, and a mobile phase consisting of water, acetonitrile, and triethylamine. Temporary plasma concentrations were analyzed with non-compartmental PK Solution 2.0 software.

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“…One concerning trend documented in recent years has been the increased prevalence of nonsusceptibility to antimicrobials observed in canine urinary tract isolates, in particular to fluoroquinolones, third generation cephalosporins, and clavulanic acid-potentiated β-lactams (Cooke et al, 2002;Mazzuli, 2002;Ball et al, 2008;Sidjabat et al, 2009;Platell et al, 2011a;Hall et al, 2013;Wagner et al, 2014;Chang et al, 2015;Rzewuska et al, 2015). The availability of many of these drugs in oral forms that reach high concentrations in the urine following absorption, along with their efficacy against Gram-negative pathogens in particular, has resulted in their widespread use in companion animals.…”

Section: Observations Of Increasing Antimicrobial Resistance In Caninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventing canine urinary tract infection (UTI) using an asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) Escherichia coli strain

Thompson¹

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Bacterial cystitis occurs with reasonable frequency in dogs. Persistent infection and repeated reinfection (recurrent bacterial urinary tract infection, hereafter termed recurrent UTI) is reported less frequently. Recurrent urinary tract infection is predominantly diagnosed in dogs with a predisposing or comorbid condition, and episodes are often subclinical. Escherichia coli is the most frequently cultured species in both uncomplicated bacterial cystitis and recurrent UTI.Antimicrobial therapy limitations and global emergence of bacterial strains that are both virulent and multidrug-resistant (MDR) has led to an urgent requirement for novel control strategies in both companion animals and humans. Escherichia coli strain 83972 has been successfully used to colonise the bladder of humans with recurrent UTI in order to reduce the incidence of subsequent febrile UTI via the process of active bacterial interference. This strategy has not been utilised in dogs to date but may prove an effective alternative to antimicrobial therapy if it can be shown to colonise the bladder of dogs safely and effectively compete with uropathogens.A retrospective study to examine the signalment, infecting strains, presence of clinical signs, and incidence of pyuria in Australian dogs with recurrent urinary tract infection was performed. The findings were similar to those of two large North-American studies with regard to signalment, predisposing or comorbid diseases, bacterial species isolated, and resistance to commonly used oral antimicrobials, although the median age of our dogs was higher at 10 years (7 years in both prior studies). Examination of the E. coli isolates from a subset of nine dogs provided new information on phylogenetic group, virulence gene profiles, haemolytic phenotype, expression of type 1 fimbriae, and sequence type (ST). Phylogenetic groups F and B2 were frequently identified, representing 13/32 (41%) and 8/32 (25%) of isolates respectively, but no phylogroup B2 isolates were MDR, in comparison with phylogroup F isolates, which accounted for 12/16 (75%) MDR isolates. Clonal groups of global importance such as ST131-B2, ST354-F, ST38-D and ST457-F were represented, with possible implications for both companion animal and human health. Of particular concern was the repeated isolation of ST354-F strains from the urine of a paralysed dog over a 3-year period.When competition experiments between E. coli 83972 and a selection of canine uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), including emerging, highly virulent MDR strains with zoonotic potential, were performed in pooled canine urine, E. coli 83972 was largely non-competitive against the canine isolates after 17 hr of incubation. This finding contrasted with the competitive superiority previously exhibited by E. coli 83972 in pooled human urine in competition experiments with human UPEC strains. In 5/10 trials, the E. coli 83972 was not outcompeted in canine urine, iii however, and given that the starting ratio in dogs following prophylactic bladder colonisation would ...

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Enrofloxacin resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from dogs with urinary tract infections

Abstract: The increased occurrence of enrofloxacin-resistant E. coli from urine samples from dogs at the VMTH was not likely attributable to a single enrofloxacin-resistant clone but may be attributed to a collective increase in enrofloxacin resistance among uropathogenic E. coli in dogs in general.

Cited by 71 publications

References 9 publications

Efficacy of single-dose ceftriaxone versus multiple-dose enrofloxacin in dogs with uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection: a randomised clinical trial

Efficacy of single-dose ceftriaxone versus multiple-dose enrofloxacin in dogs with uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection: a randomised clinical trial

Evaluation of the contribution of gyrA mutation and efflux pumps to fluoroquinolone and multidrug resistance in pathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from dogs and cats

Preventing canine urinary tract infection (UTI) using an asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) Escherichia coli strain

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