Environmental Technologies for Use of Coal Mining and Chemical Industry Wastes

Abstract

The purpose of the research was to raise the level of environmental safety in the coal mining regions by using combustion metamorphic rocks of the spoil banks, which were reinforced with the modified wastes of the polymer production, namely carbonous binders, as a man-made raw material for the base courses of roads. The environmentally friendly technology for the construction of the base course of roads from layers of combustion metamorphic rock mixtures (CMRM) with different largest granule size of crushed stone was developed. The bulk density and compressive strength in a cylinder on a hydraulic press were used as the criteria for determining the rational granulometric composition. The practicability of reinforcing combustion metamorphic rocks with coal tar, which is a modified waste of the polystyrene production, i.e polystyrene dust, was shown. The technology of preparation of the tar and polystyrene binder (TPB) was developed. The optimal concentration of polystyrene dust in the organic binder of the coke production and the time of their combination (as the optimal areas of admissible values of variation factors X 1 , X 2 , X 3 ) were determined using the method of mathematical planning of the three-factor experiment (5 optimization parameters). The coefficients of the regression equations were calculated using the least squares method. Regression equations are a second-degree polynomial. The three-dimensional diagrams "parameters of system optimization -variance factors" were calculated and drawn. In accordance with the obtained regression equations, the response surface was designed in a three-dimensional space. The areas of admissible values of optimal variance factors correspond to the limit values of the response functions.

Thermal Impact on Heavy Metal Bioavailability in Burnt Rocks of Waste Heap of Chervonohradska Coal-preparation Plant (Lviv Region, Ukraine)

“…The planned investigation of variations in the bioavailable forms of heavy metals in argillites separately from argillites that have been affected by thermal effects will provide deeper insight into the processes of the geochemical transformations of such rocks and extend the results to other coal-mining dumps by making appropriate recalculations based on the ratios between the main dump rocks. The exploration of changes in heavy metal contents and bioavailability before and after rock combustion will create a scientific basis for utilizing waste heap rocks, recultivating disturbed areas [21][22][23], and optimizing coal mining and coal preparation [24][25][26][27].…”

Integral Assessment of the Impact on Ukraine’s Environment of Military Actions in the Conditions of Russian Aggression

“…At the present stage, more and more attention is paid to environmental safety in connection with the presence of real ecological danger for the environment as a result of the action of many threats of natural, man-made, and socio-political factors. The main technogenic threats include pollution of the Earth's surface with solid household (Popovych et al, 2020, Voytovych et al, 2020) and industrial (Malovanyy et al, 2020, Tymchuk et al, 2020 waste, pollution of surface and groundwater by sewage effluents, as well as hazardous industrial effluents (Malovanyy et al, 2014, Tulaydan et al, 2017, the treatment of which is insufficient at sewage and local treatment facilities, as well as atmospheric pollution by emissions (Ablieieva et al, 2022, Malovanyy et al al., 2021. It should be emphasized that technogenic development is a characteristic feature of today.…”

Water Extracts from Waste Rocks of the Coal Industry of Chernvonograd Mining Area (Ukraine): Problems of Environmental Safety and Civil Protection

“…The environmental safety rate and the risks of emergency situations are largely determined by the pollution of the hydrosphere by insufficiently treated municipal wastewater [1,2] and industrial effluents [3,4], pollution of the lithosphere by domestic solid waste [5,6] and industrial [7,8] waste. A significant deterioration of quality of the natural environment (both at the local and regional levels) is observed in conditions of intensive development of the mining industry [9,10].…”