Epidemiology of cancers in Lahore, Pakistan, 2010–2012: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

ObjectivesTo estimate the population-level cancer estimates for the Lahore district, which is part of the Punjab Cancer Registry (PCR), Pakistan. The average population per year of Lahore was estimated at 9.8 million in 2010–2012.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingThe Registry has 19 collaborating centres in Lahore that report their data to the Central Office located within a tertiary care cancer treatment facility in Lahore, Pakistan.ParticipantsPatients belonging to Lahore, of any age-group, and diagnosed with cancer in 2010–2012, were included in the study. They were followed up between July and October 2015 to determine their vital status.Outcome measuresSummaries were generated for gender, the basis of diagnosis, diagnoses and deaths. The Age-Standardized Incidence Rates (ASIR) were computed per 100 000 population, by gender and cancer site. Five-year age categories were created from 0–4 until 70–74, followed by 75+ years. Death counts were reported by site.ResultsBetween 2010 and 2012, in Lahore, a total of 15 840 new cancers were diagnosed in 43% male patients and 57% female patients; 93.5% were microscopically confirmed and 6.5% non-microscopically. In females, the ASIR was 105.1 and in males, it was 66.7. ASIRs of leading cancers among women were breast 47.6, ovary 4.9 and corpus uteri 3.6, whereas among men they were prostate 6.4, bladder 5.0, and trachea, bronchus and lung 4.6. A total of 5134 deaths were recorded.ConclusionsIn Lahore, the ASIR was higher in women than in men. Among women and men, breast cancer and prostate cancer, respectively, were the leading cancer types. These estimates can be used for health promotion and policymaking in the region.

Epidemiology of cancers in Lahore, Pakistan, among children, adolescents and adults, 2010–2012: a cross-sectional study part 2

“…The total number of malignancies recorded was 15 840, with 15 patients having double primaries. 4 This accounted for the difference in the numbers of patients and malignancies documented. 4 Of the 15 840 cases, 9069 (57.3%) were diagnosed in female and 6771 (42.7%) in male patients.…”

“… 4 This accounted for the difference in the numbers of patients and malignancies documented. 4 Of the 15 840 cases, 9069 (57.3%) were diagnosed in female and 6771 (42.7%) in male patients. The female-to-male ratio among children was 0.46:1, in adolescents 0.48:1 and in adults 1.07:1.…”

“…However, contact could be established with 60% of the cases only. 4 As for the rest, they either did not answer or their SIMS were blocked and if anyone did answer, they said they did not know the concerned person/patient. Data were analysed using Microsoft Excel V.2010 and SPSS V.19.…”

“…3 In 2016, we published a paper on the PCR with details related to the cancers registered, over a 3-year period from 2010 to 2012, within the Lahore district, a populous district of the 36 districts of the province of Punjab, Pakistan. 4 The aforementioned paper was the first paper to report the cancer incidence within the population of the district of Lahore. The current paper is a sequel to the paper published earlier, giving the cancer statistics for the district of Lahore by age category.…”

Molecular Targets of Curcumin and Future Therapeutic Role in Leukemia

“…In case of South Asian countries especially Pakistan, Cancer prevalence ratio is gradually increasing. In Pakistan, between 2010-2012, data reported in Lahore indicated that about 15,840 patients were diagnosed with cancer including 43% males and 57% females [18]. In Liaquat National Hospital, cross sectional study conducted from 2011 to 2014 showed that 89 patients with CCL were recruited in which 69.7% were males and 30.3% were females; with age ranging between 35 -80 years.…”