Epiphyseal Growth Plate Fracture-Separations

Shapiro, Frederic

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-20529-8_5

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 331 publications

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“…In ammation-induced cartilage damage causes fractures when the cartilage is subjected to external force trauma, and growth retardation, deformity, and delayed puberty will occur even in the absence of external force trauma. Because the cartilage is weaker than the bone, GP fractures are common, accounting for 15-20% of all fractures in children [51]. In addition, up to 56% of children with Crohn's disease, up to 20% of children with cystic brosis (CF), and up to 10% of children with ulcerative colitis show symptoms of growth retardation [52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chondrocyte Targeting Gold Nanoparticles Protect Growth Plate Against Inflammatory Damage By Maintaining Cartilage Balance

Bai

Sun

Jia

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Cartilage destruction caused by inflammation is a clinical challenge. Many studies have investigated cartilage destruction in adults, but little research was conducted on children. Results: The gaps without chondrocytes and ECM between the proliferative and hypertrophy zones of the GP cartilage were formation after the treatment of LPS, but the gaps were not observed in the AuNPs + LPS group. This finding can be attributed to the capability of AuNPs to target to the chondrocytes and reduce the release of inflammatory cytokines and secretion of ECM degradation factors induced by LPS. And then, the LPS-induced apoptosis rate of mouse chondrocytes and ECM degradation rate were inhibited. Finally, the balance of catabolic and anabolic factors in the ECM was maintained.Conclusion: These findings indicate that AuNPs can partially protect the cartilage of children from inflammatory damage by suppressing chondrocyte apoptosis and ECM degradation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chondrocyte Targeting Gold Nanoparticles Protect Growth Plate Against Inflammatory Damage By Maintaining Cartilage Balance

Bai

Sun

Jia

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…These fractures are more common in boys, occur more frequently in the upper extremities (31,34), and are more prevalent during adolescent growth spurts; they are 5% more common in persons 13-17 years of age than in those 5-12 years of age (33). The greater prevalence of these fractures during growth spurts is postulated to be due to a combination of longitudinal growth outpacing bone mineralization, resulting in temporarily more fragile bone (35); the increased ability of this age group to generate force; and involution of the perichondral sleeve that stabilizes the chondroosseous junction (36).…”

Section: Growth Plate Fracturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the Salter-Harris fracture classification system, these physeal fractures are subdivided on the basis of their radiographic appearance and/or causal mechanism (9). Although additional types and variants have been proposed, the original five fracture types remain the most widely utilized (36). Type I fractures, accounting for 6.0%-8.5% of growth plate fractures, are transverse cleavages through the growth plate.…”

Section: Growth Plate Fracturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tenuous blood supply to the intracapsular femoral head epiphysis may be kinked or frankly disrupted during the slip and/or tamponaded owing to the increased intracapsular pressure. In up to 21% of cases, this results in epiphyseal osteonecrosis, which can lead to further indirect injury of the growth plate (36,63). MR imaging is increasingly being used to evaluate slipped capital femoral epiphyses and identify cases of preslip.…”

Section: Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging of Pediatric Growth Plate Disturbances

et al. 2017

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The growth plates, or physes, are visible on virtually all images obtained in skeletally immature children. The proper function of these growth plates depends on an intricate balance between chondrocyte proliferation, which requires nourishment from the epiphyseal vessels, and chondrocyte death, which requires the integrity of the metaphyseal vessels. Therefore, injury to the growth plate (ie, direct insult) or vascular compromise on either side of the growth plate (ie, indirect insult) can cause growth plate dysfunction. Direct growth plate insults occur most commonly with Salter-Harris fractures, and injuries that allow the transphyseal communication of vessels are at a higher risk for subsequent transphyseal bone bridge formation. Indirect insults lead to different sequelae that are based on whether the epiphyseal blood supply or metaphyseal blood supply is compromised. Epiphyseal osteonecrosis can result in slowed longitudinal bone growth, with possible growth plate closure, and is often accompanied by an abnormal secondary ossification center. In contrast, the disruption of metaphyseal blood supply alters endochondral ossification and allows the persistence of chondrocytes within the metaphysis, which appear as focal or diffuse growth plate widening. Imaging remains critical for detecting acute injuries and identifying subsequent growth disturbances. Depending on the imaging findings and patient factors, these growth disturbances may be amenable to conservative or surgical treatment. Therefore, an understanding of the anatomy and physiologic features of the normal growth plate and the associated pathophysiologic conditions can increase diagnostic accuracy, enable radiologists to anticipate future growth disturbances, and ensure optimal imaging, with the ultimate goal of timely and appropriate intervention. RSNA, 2017.

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“…Shapiro [15] 1982 proposed a physiological classification of the fractures, concerning to the prediction of the prognosis of these ones, correlating the bone lesions with the physeal circulation.…”

Section: Gr Up Smmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tibial Plateau Fractures in Children: Literature Review and Case Report

Miguel¹

2016

SM Musculoskelet Disord

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Although fractures of the epiphyseal cartilage injuries are common in childhood, epiphyseal fractures involving the proximal tibia entities are very rare and are usually caused by high-energy trauma, with an incidence ranging between 0.5 and 3.1% of patients; peak incidence between the ages 12-14 years in male patients. The aim of this report is describe a case of fracture of the epiphyseal cartilage of a 13 year old boy, a victim of sports trauma showing lateral tibial plateau fracture and epiphyseal cartilage fracture at the same side, not compatible with the classifications of fractures in children.

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Epiphyseal Growth Plate Fracture-Separations

Cited by 4 publications

References 331 publications

Chondrocyte Targeting Gold Nanoparticles Protect Growth Plate Against Inflammatory Damage By Maintaining Cartilage Balance

Chondrocyte Targeting Gold Nanoparticles Protect Growth Plate Against Inflammatory Damage By Maintaining Cartilage Balance

Imaging of Pediatric Growth Plate Disturbances

Tibial Plateau Fractures in Children: Literature Review and Case Report

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