Erosion processes in volcanic conduits and application to the AD 79 eruption of Vesuvius

Macedonio, Giovanni; Dobran, Flavio; Neri, Augusto

doi:10.1016/0012-821x(94)90037-x

Cited by 118 publications

(74 citation statements)

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“…Another important point discussed by the group participants is the importance of taking into account 1D, 2D or 3D models, as we need to balance the computational expense versus the number of runs required to properly explore the parameter space and conduct a proper sensitivity analysis [Collier andNeuberg 2006, Longo et al 2012]. Other outstanding parameters/points discussed by numerical modelers to be considered in terms of modeling conduit processes are: closed versus open system degassing, lateral degassing, equilibrium and disequilibrium processes, conduit erosion and magma-water interaction, viscous heating, and heat loss effects [Macedonio et al 1994, Mangan et al 2004, Dufek and Bergantz 2005, Starostin et al 2005, Diller et al 2006, Costa et al 2007a, Degruyter et al 2010b, La Spina 2014. Numerical modelers further recognized the importance to integrate their methods with experimental techniques.…”

Section: Numerical Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

From magma ascent to ash generation: investigating volcanic conduit processes by integrating experiments, numerical modeling, and observations

Polacci

Vitturi²,

Arzilli

et al. 2017

Annals of Geophysics

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Section: Numerical Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

From magma ascent to ash generation: investigating volcanic conduit processes by integrating experiments, numerical modeling, and observations

Polacci

Vitturi²,

Arzilli

et al. 2017

Annals of Geophysics

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“…3a) ( Fig. 3b) (Wilson et al, 1980) (Woods and Bower, 1995) Macedonio et al (1994) 2. ( Yoshida and Koyaguchi, 1999) ( , Vergniolle and Jaupart, 1986;Dobran, 1992;Dobran, 1993, 1994;Yoshida and Koyaguchi, 1999;Slezin, 2003) :…”

Section: IImentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of 1-dimensional steady flow in volcanic conduits: a review

Kozono¹,

Mitani²

2006

Japanese Magazine of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences

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This paper reviews theoretical studies on the 1 dimensional steady flow in volcanic conduits. Modeling of 1 dimensional steady flow enables us to understand the relationship between the dynamics of magma ascent and diverse features of volcanic eruptions. The numerical results of the conduit flow model largely change by incorporating various effects such as vertical change of conduit radius, relative velocity between gas and liquid phases, gas escape from magma, magma viscosity change due to vesiculation and crystallization, and magma fragmentation due to gas overpressure in bubbles. The multiple steady solutions in some models explain some observed diversities in the eruption styles for given magma properties and geological conditions. Analytical solutions are important to understand relative importance of the parameters.

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“…During hydrovolcanic phases, however, it would be critical to account for the effects of the added xenolith mass, momentum, and energy. The entrainment rate values in Table 5-1 can be used as a range of source terms for the governing equations of Macedonio et al (1994;E, , , in their equations 3 and 5).…”

Section: -12mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(3) Entrainment due to shear stresses exerted on the wall by the flowing magma. Macedonio et al (1994) treated the case where roughness elements extend from the conduit wall into the flowing magma stream. Another type of shear erosion, which is most applicable where the wall rocks are unconsolidated sediments or pyroclastic material, is grain-by-grain entrainment.…”

Section: Introduction and Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Macedonio et al (1994) formulated a theory that accounts for three erosion mechanisms: abrasion from pyroclasts impacting conduit walls, erosion due to shear stress at the wall, and conduit wall collapse where the magma pressure is sufficiently different from the lithostatic pressure. They used the two-phase hydrodynamic model of Dobran and Papale (1992) to compute conditions along the conduit and then used these conditions to calculate the contributions of the three erosion mechanisms.…”

Section: Introduction and Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical processes of magmatism and effects on the potential repository: Synthesis of technical work through Fiscal Year 1995

Valentine¹

1996

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This report was prepared as an account of work spoasond by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, mommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PHYSICAL PROCESSES OF MAGMATISM AND EFFECTS ON THE POTENTIAL REPOSITORY: SYNTHESIS OF TECHNICAL WORK THROUGH FISCAL YEAR 95 Principal Investigator: G.A. ValentineThis chapter summarizes data collection and model calculations through Ey 95 under Study Plan 8.3.1.8.1.2 Physical Processes of Magmatism and Effects on the Potential Repository. The focus of this study plan is to gather information that ultimately constrains the consequences of smallvolume, basaltic magmatic activity at or near a potential repository. This is then combined with event probability estimates, described elsewhere in this synthesis report, to yield a magmatic risk assessment.There are two basic classes of effects of magmatism that are considered here: (1) Eruptive eflects, whereby rising magma intersects a potential repository, entrains radioactive waste, and erupts it onto the earth's surface. (2) Subsugace eflects, which includes a wide range of processes such as hydrothermal flow, alteration of mineral assemblages in the potential repository system, and alteration of hydrologic flow properties of the rocks surrounding a potential repository.Eruptive (direct) effects -We present data on the possible entrainment of waste into eruptive magma. These data were collected from analog volcanoes and represent a range of eruption mechanisms including Strombolian, Hawaiian, and hydrovolcanic. Strombolian and Hawaiian eruptions generally entrain little wall rock material, and are unlikely to have a strong influence on total system performance assessments. Hydrovolcanic eruptions entrain 103 -104 times more wall rock debris and could influence performance assessments, depending mainly on the probability of such eruptions.Subsurface (indirect) effects -We present field data from analog sites where the plumbing of small basaltic volcanoes is exposed, and where the volcanoes penetrated silicic tuffs similar to those at Yucca Mountain. Geometry of shallow intrusions is determined by a complicated interplay between pre-existing structures, shallow stress field variations, and rock mechanical properties. The intrusion geometry in turn determines the alteration of the host rocks. Chemi...

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Erosion processes in volcanic conduits and application to the AD 79 eruption of Vesuvius

Cited by 118 publications

References 24 publications

From magma ascent to ash generation: investigating volcanic conduit processes by integrating experiments, numerical modeling, and observations

From magma ascent to ash generation: investigating volcanic conduit processes by integrating experiments, numerical modeling, and observations

Modeling of 1-dimensional steady flow in volcanic conduits: a review

Physical processes of magmatism and effects on the potential repository: Synthesis of technical work through Fiscal Year 1995

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