Estimation of the Interaction Effect Between Salinity and Growth Regulators on Salt Tolerance of Two Bread Wheat Cultivars

Abstract

Absract:The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of the interaction between salinity and plant growth regulators (Kinetin and gibberellin) on the salt tolerance of two bread wheat cultivars (Dijilla) and (Tamooze-2) under salinity conditions. The present study was conducted to assess the effects of Kinetin and gibberellin on plant dry matters (shoots and roots), chlorophyll content and stability in upper leaves, salt tolerance index, and organic contents in plant leaves of the two cultivars grown in salinized soils at two levels (0 and 16 ds/m). Seeds of both cultivars were sown in plastic pots which filled with the salinized soil in glass house during 2014-2015 sessions. Selected cultivar gave the highest dry matters, chlorophyll content and stability, and salt tolerance index under salinity condition as compared with local cultivar. Also the selected cultivar had the highest organic compounds in their leaves, especially under salinity condition. Both plant growth regulators were effective in increasing all the measured characters of both cultivars under non-saline condition but at salinity condition were effective in selected cultivar only. The Kinetin was more effective than the gibberellin in their effect on the salt tolerance of the plants under saline condition. Generally under these conditions the selected cultivar (Dijilla) was more salt tolerance than local cultivar.

Detection of Tast Salt Tolerance Gene in Three Selected Wheat Genotypes for Salinity Stress Under Salinity Conditions

“…In the previous study, Al-Mishhadani et al (2) showed that the TaNIP gene found only in these selected genotypes with length of 189 bp, while this gene absent in salt sensitive cultivar (Iraq) and gave high gene expression at high salinity level (16 ds/m). Therefore, according to these results, these genotypes are considered as a high salt tolerant genotypes, which improved through plant breeding programs genotypes, this conclusion is agreed with the previous studies, which they reported that there is a strong development in salt tolerance obtained in these selected genotypes through plant breeding program (2,5,7,8). Under high salinity condition, the selected genotypes were more salt tolerance than the local cultivars, may be due to they contained high organic compounds in their upper leaves (Table 2).…”

“…Increasing salt tolerance in plant requires new genetic source of this character powerful and molecular techniques for detecting salt tolerance genes in new material useful for determining the salt tolerance degree. Salt tolerance in plant depends on physiological mechanisms controlled by genes which gave expression under salinity conditions (2,5). Plants have evolved several salt tolerance mechanisms to reduce the adverse effect of salinity (16), this mean that there are different genes for controlling these mechanisms.…”

Detection of Salt Tolerant Gene (<i>TaNIP</i>) and Its Expression in Three Selected Wheat Genotypes Through Plant Breeding Programs Under Salinity Conditions

“…Therefore, the genetic improvement or advance for salt tolerance is realized through plant breeding programs. The same genetic improvement was realized in the selected cultivar (Dijilla) through this program [20].…”